float实例讲解
float是个强大的属性，在实际前端开发过程中，人们经常拿它来进行布局，但有时，使用的不好，也麻烦多多啊。
比如，现在我们要实现一个两列布局，左边的列，宽度固定；右边的列，宽度自动扩展。
效果图见下：
思路：利用div+float，div1为左边的列，div2为右边的列，将div1的宽度设置为固定宽度并将其设置为左浮动，脱离文档流；div2在普通流中就ok了。
具体代码和效果图见下：
<!DOCTYPE html> <head> <title>width_layout</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/> <style type="text/css"> .content { min-width:300px; } .div1 { width:200px; height:300px; background:green; float:left; } .div2 { height:300px; background:pink; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="content"> <div class="div1"></div> <div class="div2"></div> </div> </body></html>View Code
咋眼一看，还真是的，当你将浏览器的宽度手动变换时，div1宽度固定，div2宽度也是自适应。
但是，如果我在div2中加入一些内容呢？
如将宽高为100px的蓝色div作为div2的子元素，我们再来看看效果。
我靠，这不是和上面一样吗，我的蓝色div呢？！！
打开chrome调试器，看看什么状况
原来我编写的div3是在文档流中的，只是被div1遮挡了。
怎么会这样呢？
那是因为浮动后的元素会脱离文档流，也就是div2以为div1不在文档流一样，所以div2就会忽略div1的存在，展现自己，但是div1浮动后，是在文档流的上层的，所以，div1就会遮盖住它下面的正常文档流啦。
咦，那我们要怎么做，才能让div3显示在可见的div2中呢？
如下图所示效果
如果单单呈现如上效果，可以将div3的display设置为inline-block。不信，你自己运行下代码试试。
下面是改好的代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <head> <title>width_layout</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/> <style type="text/css"> .content { min-width:300px; } .div1 { width:200px; height:300px; background:green; float:left; } .div2 { height:300px; background:pink; } .div3 { width:100px; height:100px; display:inline-block; background:blue; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="content"> <div class="div1"></div> <div class="div2"> <div class="div3"></div> </div> </div> </body></html>View Code 为什么会这样呢？
那是因为float出现的初始目的就是让文字环绕浮动元素，及内联元素环绕浮动元素。
所以，如果你将div3去掉，换成大量的文字（足以包裹div1），再将div2的高度设置得比div1高一点，手动改变浏览器的宽度，渐渐地，你会发现文字环绕着div1的效果了。
见下图
<!DOCTYPE html> <head> <title>width_layout</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/> <style type="text/css"> .content { min-width:300px; } .div1 { width:200px; height:300px; background:green; float:left; } .div2 { height:500px; background:pink; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="content"> <div class="div1"></div> <div class="div2"> 豫章故郡，洪都新府。星分翼轸，地接衡庐。襟三江而 带五湖，控蛮荆而引瓯越。物华天宝，龙光射牛斗之墟；人杰地灵，徐孺下陈蕃之榻。雄州雾列，俊采星驰。台隍枕夷夏之交，宾主尽东南之美。都督阎公之雅望，棨戟遥临；宇文新州之懿范，襜帷暂驻。十旬休假，胜友如云；千里逢迎，高朋满座。腾蛟起凤，孟学士之词宗；紫电青霜，王将军之武库。家君作宰，路出名区；童子何知，躬逢胜饯。 时维九月，序属三秋。潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫。俨骖騑于上路，访风景于崇阿。临帝子之长洲，得仙人之旧馆。层峦耸翠，上出重霄；飞阁流丹，下临无地。鹤汀凫渚，穷岛屿之萦回；桂殿兰宫，列冈峦之体势。 披绣闼，俯雕甍，山原旷其盈视，川泽纡其骇瞩。闾阎扑地，钟鸣鼎食之家；舸舰迷津，青雀黄龙之舳。云销雨霁，彩彻区明。落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。渔舟唱晚，响穷彭蠡之滨，雁阵惊寒，声断衡阳之浦。 遥吟俯畅，逸兴遄飞。爽籁发而清风生，纤歌凝而白云遏。睢园绿竹，气凌彭泽之樽；邺水朱华，光照临川之笔。四美具，二难并。穷睇眄于中天，极娱游于暇日。天高地迥，觉宇宙之无穷；兴尽悲来，识盈虚之有数。望长安于日下，目吴会于云间。地势极而南溟深，天柱高而北辰远。关山难越，谁悲失路之人；萍水相逢，尽是他乡之客。怀帝阍而不见，奉宣室以何年？ 嗟乎！时运不齐，命途多舛。冯唐易老，李广难封。屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主；窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时？所赖君子安贫，达人知命。老当益壮，宁移白首之心？穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙以犹欢。北海虽赊，扶摇可接；东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。孟尝高洁，空余报国之情；阮籍猖狂，岂效穷途之哭！ 勃，三尺微命，一介书生。无路请缨，等终军之弱冠；有怀投笔，慕宗悫之长风。舍簪笏于百龄，奉晨昏于万里。非谢家之宝树，接孟氏之芳邻。他日趋庭，叨陪鲤对；今兹捧袂，喜托龙门。杨意不逢，抚凌云而自惜；钟期既遇，奏流水以何惭？ 呜乎！胜地不常，盛筵难再；兰亭已矣，梓泽丘墟。临别赠言，幸承恩于伟饯；登高作赋，是所望于群公。敢竭鄙怀，恭疏短引；一言均赋，四韵俱成。请洒潘江，各倾陆海云尔： 滕王高阁临江渚，佩玉鸣鸾罢歌舞。 画栋朝飞南浦云，珠帘暮卷西山雨。 闲云潭影日悠悠，物换星移几度秋。 阁中帝子今何在？槛外长江空自流。 </div> </div> </body></html> View Code
倘若我想在div2中加入块级元素呢？也就是我想让div1和div2成为两个互不干扰的模块，往里面添加内容时，无影响，怎么办呢？
那么我们可以利用margin或则padding。将div2（自适应宽度）的margin-left或者padding-left设置为div1（固定宽度）的大小就可以了。这里我设置的是margin-left。
<!DOCTYPE html> <head> <title>width_layout</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/> <style type="text/css"> .content { min-width:300px; } .div1 { width:200px; height:300px; background:green; float:left; } .div2 { height:300px; background:pink; margin-left:200px; } .div3 { width:100px; height:100px; background:blue; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="content"> <div class="div1"></div> <div class="div2"> <div class="div3"></div> </div> </div> </body></html>View Code 好了，今天也就到这咯。最后祝大家明天情人节快乐~
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