瀑布流是页面展示中十分常见的一种布局方式，利用这种布局，网页会显得十分好看。瀑布流元素最大的特点是等宽不等高，下面我一步步来分析如何实现瀑布流。
1.首先，我们准备一些图片，以及把基础的html+css代码写好（因为这步很简单，所以我就直接贴代码了）。
- 页面初始效果
pic1.png
- 网页结构
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>瀑布流</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css"></head><body><div class="container"> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img1.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic1"> </div> </div> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img2.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic2"> </div> </div> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img3.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic3"> </div> </div> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img4.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic4"> </div> </div> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img5.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic5"> </div> </div> <div class="box"> <div class="box-img"> <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="img6.jpg" class="lazy" alt="pic6"> </div> </div></div></body></html>
- css
*{margin: 0;padding: 0;}.container{position: relative;width: 1040px;margin: 0 auto;}.box{float: left;padding: 5px;font-size: 0;}.box-img img{width: 250px;}
2.实现瀑布流效果
原理：1.根据所设的宽度，获得每一行可以放几列（我的列子中是写死的，一行放4列）；2.获取每个元素的高度，保存在数组中；3.从第一个元素依次设置每个元素的定位： 3.1 先获得这个元素该放在第几列（现有高度最小的列），通过下面的getMinHeightCol函数; 3.2 根据每列的宽以及每列的当前高度，设置元素的left,top值（当然也要设置position:absolute）; 3.3 重新修改每列的当前高度（为了3.1获得最新的“高度最小的列”）；
- js代码（依赖jquery）
$(function(){ var elesHeight = [];//每个元素的宽度 var colsHeight = [0,0,0,0]; //每列元素现有的高度 $(".container .box").each(function(index,item){ var eleHeight = $(this).height(); elesHeight.push(eleHeight); }); //依次摆放每一个元素 $(".container .box").each(function(index,item){ //获得该元素应该在第几列 var colShould = getMinHeightCol(colsHeight); var tempTop = colsHeight[colShould]; var tempLeft = colShould*260; $(this).css({"position":"absolute","top":tempTop+"px",left:tempLeft+"px"}); //同时将该列的高度加上当前新增元素的高度 colsHeight[colShould] += $(this).height(); }); //得到四列中高度最小的那一列 function getMinHeightCol(arr){ var minHeight = Math.min.apply(null, arr); console.log("最小高度:"+minHeight); for(var i in arr){ if(arr[i]==minHeight){ return i; } } //默认第一列 return 0; }}); - 页面效果
pic2.png
上面只是简单的瀑布流实现，一个完整的瀑布流应该也具备下面的几个特点：
- 列数根据页面宽度和每列的宽度自动计算得来；
- 窗口大小改变时，重新计算元素布局的位置；
- 解决——窗口大小快速变化时，会不断地触发事件，造成的大量的性能消耗。
针对第三个问题的setTimeout解决方法：窗口变化之后开始计时，如果窗口还在变换则从新开始计时，窗口不再变化则延时（很短的时间）触发重排事件。var re;window.onresize = function() { clearTimeout(re); re = setTimeout(resize,100); };
剩余的优化，自己动手尝试吧~
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