接下来要参与大大小小的暑期实习笔试和面试。在这篇博客里我将总结一些常见的面试题。其中有一部分是我去年暑假找实习的时候总结的。现在看来，不免有些幼稚。慢慢完善吧！
JavaScript
Q：JS中的闭包
A：闭包从本身在函数式编程中的概念来说，说的是在定义函数时的两部分-函数体和函数的 context，也就是函数定义时的上下文。里面保存着作用域中的变量，函数的定义和赋值。
而我们平时说的闭包，其实是创建对于这个上下文的引用，从而在外部作用域中通过这个引用来访问这个上下文。
所以从概念上来说，你声明了一个函数，就声明了一个闭包。
然后从实际的使用来说，当你通过某种代码对在外部作用域中保存了对当前闭包的引用时，我们说你就“创建”了一个闭包，其实是“创建”了一个 闭包的引用。我们通常用IIFE来达到这一效果，以至于有人认为IIFE就是“闭包”，这其实是不正确的认识。
这就是闭包的实质，至于如何去使用闭包，那就五花八门了。你可以用来保存被外部作用域访问的临时变量，也可以用来封装函数，也可以用来做访问权限控制（类似Java中的私有变量）。
Q：JS模块化
A：
- 为什么我们需要JS模块化
- JS模块化的发展过程（从function，IIFE到Commonjs）
- JS模块化的几种方案介绍（Commonjs，AMD，ES6 Module）
CSS
Q：CSS position的不同取值以及差异？
A：取值：static（默认），relative，absolute，fixed。差异，relative：相对于其自身进行定位，不脱离文档流。absolute：相对于父元素链上的第一个已定位元素，如果不存在则相对于body。脱离文档流。fixed，相对于浏览器窗口进行定位，脱离文档流。static：正常的文档流定位。
Q：CSS 盒模型
A：
- W3C 默认 content-box，ie5-、ie6 Quirks mode border-box
- content-box：csswidth = content width
- border-box: csswidth = content width + padding +border
Q：CSS选择器
A：元素，类，id，属性，伪类，伪元素。···
Q：CSS hack
A：选择器hack（-webkit-,-moz-）,属性hack，IE条件注释
HTML
Q：web语义化
A：
html5新标签：
HTML: Is It a Programming Language or Something Else?Apr 15, 2025 am 12:13 AMHTMLisnotaprogramminglanguage;itisamarkuplanguage.1)HTMLstructuresandformatswebcontentusingtags.2)ItworkswithCSSforstylingandJavaScriptforinteractivity,enhancingwebdevelopment.
HTML: Building the Structure of Web PagesApr 14, 2025 am 12:14 AMHTML is the cornerstone of building web page structure. 1. HTML defines the content structure and semantics, and uses, etc. tags. 2. Provide semantic markers, such as, etc., to improve SEO effect. 3. To realize user interaction through tags, pay attention to form verification. 4. Use advanced elements such as, combined with JavaScript to achieve dynamic effects. 5. Common errors include unclosed labels and unquoted attribute values, and verification tools are required. 6. Optimization strategies include reducing HTTP requests, compressing HTML, using semantic tags, etc.
From Text to Websites: The Power of HTMLApr 13, 2025 am 12:07 AMHTML is a language used to build web pages, defining web page structure and content through tags and attributes. 1) HTML organizes document structure through tags, such as,. 2) The browser parses HTML to build the DOM and renders the web page. 3) New features of HTML5, such as, enhance multimedia functions. 4) Common errors include unclosed labels and unquoted attribute values. 5) Optimization suggestions include using semantic tags and reducing file size.
Understanding HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: A Beginner's GuideApr 12, 2025 am 12:02 AMWebdevelopmentreliesonHTML,CSS,andJavaScript:1)HTMLstructurescontent,2)CSSstylesit,and3)JavaScriptaddsinteractivity,formingthebasisofmodernwebexperiences.
The Role of HTML: Structuring Web ContentApr 11, 2025 am 12:12 AMThe role of HTML is to define the structure and content of a web page through tags and attributes. 1. HTML organizes content through tags such as , making it easy to read and understand. 2. Use semantic tags such as, etc. to enhance accessibility and SEO. 3. Optimizing HTML code can improve web page loading speed and user experience.
HTML and Code: A Closer Look at the TerminologyApr 10, 2025 am 09:28 AMHTMLisaspecifictypeofcodefocusedonstructuringwebcontent,while"code"broadlyincludeslanguageslikeJavaScriptandPythonforfunctionality.1)HTMLdefineswebpagestructureusingtags.2)"Code"encompassesawiderrangeoflanguagesforlogicandinteract
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: Essential Tools for Web DevelopersApr 09, 2025 am 12:12 AMHTML, CSS and JavaScript are the three pillars of web development. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and uses tags such as, etc. 2. CSS controls the web page style, using selectors and attributes such as color, font-size, etc. 3. JavaScript realizes dynamic effects and interaction, through event monitoring and DOM operations.
The Roles of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: Core ResponsibilitiesApr 08, 2025 pm 07:05 PMHTML defines the web structure, CSS is responsible for style and layout, and JavaScript gives dynamic interaction. The three perform their duties in web development and jointly build a colorful website.
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