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移动端webapp自适应实践_html/css_WEB-ITnose

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Jun 21, 2016 am 08:53 AM

为什么要写这个

以前写过关于webapp自适应屏幕的文章（链接），不过写的大多数群众看不懂，所以来个图文并茂的版本。虽然只是一个简单的页面，不过在做的过程中也遇到了一些问题，也算是好事吧！

该示例github地址：https://github.com/iwangx/WebApp访问地址：https://csssprite.herokuapp.com/

准备

PSD：这个是最重要的东西，用于测量尺寸，以及切图，我是不太同意切图的工作交给ui，自己切比较好，psd的分辨率我做的是640px的宽度，当然这个psd是网上下的。
CSS雪碧图制作工具：最新版（v4.3）能够将多张图片拼接成一张图片并且生成代码的小程序（本人自主研发）。
Webstorm：前端开发利器。
马克曼：前端尺寸颜色测量工具。
Photoshop：切图利器。
Sass：CSS预编译工具。

第一步、切图

我用的是photoshop切的图，切图如下：

当然可能看不太清楚，毕竟是白色的图。

第二步、搭建框架

大体结构就是这个，地址：https://github.com/iwangx/WebApp

一、CSS结构

CSS主要采用Sass作于预编译的工具，结构如下：

reset.scss文件主要是对于元素样式的重置；
app.scss文件是对单个页面样式；
size.scss文件里面包含了手机端自适应1-400尺寸的变量。

二、JS结构

js中最重要的是自适应的的代码，地址：移动端自适应，zepto这些都没有引入，因为只是个简单的示例。

第三步、html页面机构

页面结构如下图：

header：头部标题；
nav：头部的导航；
controller：中间列表；
footer：底部导航。

第四步、生成雪碧图

利用雪碧图生成工具：生成雪碧图，并且生成代码：

将代码copy到css目录中的app.scss目录下：

当然前提是要引入size这个里面方面变量的文件，要不然$_*就没法识别而报错了。

第五步、页面以及CSS编码

CSS代码：

@import "size";//所有图片变量@mixin sprite{background:url(../images/sprite.png) no-repeat ;background-size:$_138 $_163;}@mixin icon_right{height:$_59;width:$_59;background-position:0 -$_75 0 -$_5;}@mixin icon_left{height:$_59;width:$_59;background-position:0 0;}@mixin icon_tag{height:$_44;width:$_65;background-position:0 -$_1 0 -$_119;}@mixin icon_person{height:$_44;width:$_65;background-position:0 0 -$_66;}@mixin icon_book{height:$_44;width:$_65;background-position:0 -$_73 0 -$_71;}@mixin icon_more{height:$_44;width:$_65;background-position:0 -$_73 0 -$_119;}body{background: #fbfbfb}.sprite{@include sprite;}.header{position: fixed;background: #dd3131;height: $_90;line-height: $_90;;width: 100%;left: 0;top: 0;font-size: $_40;color: #fff;text-align: center;  button{position: absolute;top: $_16;border: $_2 solid #fff;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: content-box}}.btn-left{@include icon_left;left: $_16;}.btn-right{@include icon_right;right: $_16;}.nav{display: -webkit-box;position: fixed;left: 0;top: $_90;color: #3d3d3d;font-size: $_30;width: 100%;border-bottom: $_1 solid #e7e5e6;  a{display: block;height: $_60;line-height: $_60;text-align: center;background: #fff;-webkit-box-flex: 1;border-right: $_1 solid #e7e5e6;box-sizing: border-box;}}.controller{padding: $_151 0 $_100 0;}.list{  li{border-bottom:$_1 solid #cfcfcf }  a{display: -webkit-box;padding: $_16;}  img{height: $_122;width: $_122;display: block}}.list-right{-webkit-box-flex: 1;padding-left: $_15;  h1{color: #555;font-size: $_24;}  p{color: #878787;font-size: $_18;margin-top: $_15;line-height: 1.5}}.footer{height: $_100;position: fixed;left: 0;bottom: 0;width: 100%;display: -webkit-box;background: #4a4a4a;text-align: center;  a{display: block;-webkit-box-flex: 1;box-sizing: border-box;padding-top: $_10;border-right: $_1 solid #fff;    &:last-child{border-right: none}  }  i{display: block;margin: 0 auto}  span{color: #fff;font-size: $_24;display: block;margin-top: $_5;}}.icon_book{@include icon_book}.icon_tag{@include icon_tag}.icon_person{@include icon_person}.icon_more{@include icon_more}

HTML代码：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=0.5,minimum-scale=0.5, maximum-scale=0.5,user-scalable=no,minimal-ui">    <meta name="author" content="wangxing">    <meta name="screen-orientation" content="portrait">    <meta name="x5-orientation" content="portrait">    <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">    <title>app自适应</title>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/reset.css">    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/app.css">    <script src="/js/lib/resize.js"></script></head><body>    <header class="header">        <button class="sprite btn-left"></button>        <span>远程酒业</span>        <button class="sprite btn-right"></button>    </header>    <nav class="nav">        <a href="javascript:;">资讯</a>        <a href="javascript:;">产品</a>        <a href="javascript:;">实战</a>        <a href="javascript:;">讨论</a>    </nav>    <section class="controller">        <ul class="list">            <li>                <a href="#">                    <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="src"  class="lazy" alt="图片">                    <div class="list-right">                        <h1 id="酒名字">酒名字</h1>                        <p>提升白酒等传统酒类生产机械化水平成为行业未来研究工作的重点，从而促进酿酒装备与技术的快速发展……</p>                    </div>                </a>            </li>            <li>                <a href="#">                    <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="src"  class="lazy" alt="图片">                    <div class="list-right">                        <h1 id="酒名字">酒名字</h1>                        <p>提升白酒等传统酒类生产机械化水平成为行业未来研究工作的重点，从而促进酿酒装备与技术的快速发展……</p>                    </div>                </a>            </li>            <li>                <a href="#">                    <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="src"  class="lazy" alt="图片">                    <div class="list-right">                        <h1 id="酒名字">酒名字</h1>                        <p>提升白酒等传统酒类生产机械化水平成为行业未来研究工作的重点，从而促进酿酒装备与技术的快速发展……</p>                    </div>                </a>            </li>            <li>                <a href="#">                    <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="src"  class="lazy" alt="图片">                    <div class="list-right">                        <h1 id="酒名字">酒名字</h1>                        <p>提升白酒等传统酒类生产机械化水平成为行业未来研究工作的重点，从而促进酿酒装备与技术的快速发展……</p>                    </div>                </a>            </li>        </ul>    </section>    <footer class="footer">        <a href="#">            <i class="sprite icon_book"></i>            <span>资讯</span>        </a>        <a href="#">            <i class="sprite icon_tag"></i>            <span>产品</span>        </a>        <a href="#">            <i class="sprite icon_person"></i>            <span>实战</span>        </a>        <a href="#">            <i class="sprite icon_more"></i>            <span>讨论</span>        </a>    </footer></body></html>

用到图片的地方，主要有两个class，一个是雪碧图的class，一个就是他本事引用的class，二者结合。

大家可以看到css代码中的大小全都是$_*，也就是测量出来的大小，包括字号也是。

这样就构成了我们的webapp.

iphone5上是这样：

iphone6上是这样：

平板上是这样：

结语

希望这个博客对大家有帮助，尤其是新手，也希望大家多提意见。

作者：你猜不猜文章源自：http://www.cnblogs.com/wang4517/p/4528432.html

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