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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP快速读取大文件指定行的方法

1、面临问题分析

读取普通小文件我们一般用fopen 或者 file_get_contents就很方便简单 ,前者可以循环读取,后者可以一次性读取,但都是将文件内容一次性加载来操作。如果加载的文件特别大时,如几百M、上G时,这时性能贫瘠就非常突出了,那么PHP里有没有对大文件的处理函数或者类呢? 答案是:有的。

2、SplFileObject类高效解决大文件读取问题

从 PHP 5.1.0 开始,SPL 库增加了 SplFileObject 与 SplFileInfo 两个标准的文件操作类。

从字面意思理解看,可以看出 SplFileObject 要比 SplFileInfo 更为强大。

不错,SplFileInfo 仅用于获取文件的一些属性信息,如文件大小、文件访问时间、文件修改时间、后缀名等值,而 SplFileObject 是继承 SplFileInfo 这些功能并新增很多文件处理类操作方法的一个文件操作类。

/** 返回文件从X行到Y行的内容(支持php5、php4)
* @param string $filename 文件名
* @param int $startLine 开始的行数
* @param int $endLine 结束的行数
* @return string
*/
function getFileLines($filename, $startLine = 1, $endLine=50, $method='rb') {
$content = array();
$count = $endLine - $startLine;
// 判断php版本(因为要用到SplFileObject,PHP>=5.1.0)
if(version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.1.0', '>=')){
$fp = new SplFileObject($filename, $method);
$fp->seek($startLine-1);// 转到第N行, seek方法参数从0开始计数
for($i = 0; $i $content[]=$fp->current();// current()获取当前行内容
$fp->next();// 下一行
}
}else{//PHP $fp = fopen($filename, $method);
if(!$fp) return 'error:can not read file';
for ($i=1;$i fgets($fp);
}
for($i;$i $content[]=fgets($fp);// 读取文件行内容
}
fclose($fp);
}
return array_filter($content); // array_filter过滤:false,null,''
}

Ps:
(1)、上面都没加”读取到末尾的判断”:!$fp->eof() 或者 !feof($fp),结果实践加上这个判断影响效率,而且这里加上也完全没必要。
(2)、从上面的函数和实践操作就可以看出来使用SplFileObject类比下面的fgets函数效率要高很多,特别是文件行数非常多、并且要取越后面的内容的时候。fgets要两个循环才可以。


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