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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP快速读取CSV大文件指定行

1、如何快速获取CSV大文件的总行数?

办法一:直接获取文件内容,使用换行符进行拆分得出总行数,这种办法对小文件可行,处理大文件时不可行;
办法二:使用fgets一行一行遍历,得出总行数,这种办法比办法一好一些,但大文件仍有超时的可能;
办法三:借助SplFileObject类,直接将指针定位到文件末尾,通过SplFileObject::key方法获取总行数,这种办法可行,且高效。

具体实现方法:

代码如下:

$csv_file = 'path/bigfile.csv';
$spl_object = new SplFileObject($csv_file, 'rb');
$spl_object->seek(filesize($csv_file));
echo $spl_object->key();


2、如何快速获取CSV大文件的数据?

仍然使用PHP的SplFileObject类,通过seek方法实现快速定位。

代码如下:

$csv_file = 'path/bigfile.csv';
$start = 100000; // 从第100000行开始读取
$num = 100; // 读取100行
$data = array();
$spl_object = new SplFileObject($csv_file, 'rb');
$spl_object->seek($start);
while ($num-- && !$spl_object->eof()) {
$data[] = $spl_object->fgetcsv();
$spl_object->next();
}
print_r($data);

3、综合上面两点,整理成一个csv文件读取的类:

代码如下:

class CsvReader {
private $csv_file;
private $spl_object = null;
private $error;

public function __construct($csv_file = '') {
if($csv_file && file_exists($csv_file)) {
$this->csv_file = $csv_file;
}
}

public function set_csv_file($csv_file) {
if(!$csv_file || !file_exists($csv_file)) {
$this->error = 'File invalid';
return false;
}
$this->csv_file = $csv_file;
$this->spl_object = null;
}

public function get_csv_file() {
return $this->csv_file;
}

private function _file_valid($file = '') {
$file = $file ? $file : $this->csv_file;
if(!$file || !file_exists($file)) {
return false;
}
if(!is_readable($file)) {
return false;
}
return true;
}

private function _open_file() {
if(!$this->_file_valid()) {
$this->error = 'File invalid';
return false;
}
if($this->spl_object == null) {
$this->spl_object = new SplFileObject($this->csv_file, 'rb');
}
return true;
}
public function get_data($length = 0, $start = 0) {
if(!$this->_open_file()) {
return false;
}
$length = $length ? $length : $this->get_lines();
$start = $start - 1;
$start = ($start $data = array();
$this->spl_object->seek($start);
while ($length-- && !$this->spl_object->eof()) {
$data[] = $this->spl_object->fgetcsv();
$this->spl_object->next();
}
return $data;
}
public function get_lines() {
if(!$this->_open_file()) {
return false;
}
$this->spl_object->seek(filesize($this->csv_file));
return $this->spl_object->key();
}
public function get_error() {
return $this->error;
}
}

4、调用方法如下:

代码如下:

include('CsvReader.class.php');
$csv_file = 'path/bigfile.csv';
$csvreader = new CsvReader($csv_file);
$line_number = $csvreader->get_lines();
$data = $csvreader->get_data(10);
echo $line_number, chr(10);
print_r($data);

总结,上述CsvReader类并不只针对CSV大文件,对于其他文本类型的大文件或超大文件同样可用,前提是将类中fgetcsv方法稍加改动为fgets即可。


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