Laravel被称为“全栈”式框架,因为它能够处理从网络服务到数据库管理、HTML生成的一切事情,垂直集成的web开发环境给开发者提供了更好的体验。
开发人员可以通过命令行工具,生成和管理Laravel项目环境。Laravel附带了一个名为Artisan的优秀的命令行工具,它提供了一些开发过程中有用的命令用,可以用来生成框架代码和数据库管理。它是基于强大的Symfony Console 组件开发的。
Laravel的目标是给开发者创造一个愉快的开发过程,并且不牺牲应用的功能性。快乐的开发者才能创造最棒的代码!为了这个目的,我们博取众框架之长处集中到Laravel中,这些框架甚至是基于Ruby on Rails、ASP.NET MVC、和Sinatra等开发语言或工具的。
Laravel是易于理解并且强大的,它提供了强大的工具用以开发大型、健壮的应用。杰出的IoC、数据库迁移工具和紧密集成的单元测试支持,这些工具赋予你构建任何应用的能力。
目录结构
这是所有laravel项目具有基本上相同的目录结构,其中的每个文件都具有指定的地方。通过对目录结构的约定,确保你是按照“laravel方式”来工作。
正如你看到的,laravel项目下面有4个文件夹:app、bootstrap、public、vendor,这4个文件夹下面又有很多个子文件夹,当你第一次看到这么丰富的文件夹内容时,是不是觉得很有压力?没关系,我们会逐一的来了解不同的文件夹。
app目录
模型-视图-控制器(MVC)
让我们更深一步了解如何建立laravel应用。你可能已经注意到,app目录下面有三子目录:models,views,controllers。这是表明了laravel是model-view-controller(MVC)架构模式,它将“业务逻辑”与图形用户界面相关的输入和显示逻辑(GUI)分离。在laravel Web应用中,业务逻辑通常由数据模型(如用户,博客文章)组成,GUI则只是一个浏览器中的页面。MVC设计模式在Web的开发领域中非常受欢迎。MVC模式的三个要素:
Laravel的响应流程
一个典型的laravel应用程序由上面提到的MVC组成
当访问一个laravel应用程序时,浏览器发送一个请求,由Web服务器接收并传递到laravel的路由引擎。该laravel路由器接收到请求后,根据配置重定向到相应的控制器类的方法。
然后由控制器类接管。在某些情况下,控制器将立即渲染一个视图,这是一个模板,将被转换成HTML并且发送回浏览器。更普遍的动态网站,控制器与模型进行交互,与数据库进行通信。调用模型后,控制器呈现最终视图(HTML、CSS和图像)并返回完整的web页面到用户的浏览器。
Laravel提倡模型、视图和控制器,应保持完全独立的存储单独的文件在不同的目录。这就是laravel的目录结构发挥作用的地方。
像MVC这样的设计模式的产生,就是为了让开发者的工作更加轻松。这就是Laravel比那些不用任何模式的PHP厉害的地方。如果这种讨论你现在感觉很抽象,不用担心!当你开始用Laravel工作,你都不会意识到你是在一种设计模式中工作。过一段时间后,就会变得自然了。

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

In PHP, use the clone keyword to create a copy of the object and customize the cloning behavior through the \_\_clone magic method. 1. Use the clone keyword to make a shallow copy, cloning the object's properties but not the object's properties. 2. The \_\_clone method can deeply copy nested objects to avoid shallow copying problems. 3. Pay attention to avoid circular references and performance problems in cloning, and optimize cloning operations to improve efficiency.

PHP is suitable for web development and content management systems, and Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and automation scripts. 1.PHP performs well in building fast and scalable websites and applications and is commonly used in CMS such as WordPress. 2. Python has performed outstandingly in the fields of data science and machine learning, with rich libraries such as NumPy and TensorFlow.


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