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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython Tutorialpython目录操作之python遍历文件夹后将结果存储为xml

Linux服务器有CentOS、Fedora等,都预先安装了Python,版本从2.4到2.5不等,而Windows类型的服务器也多数安装了Python,因此只要在本机写好一个脚本,上传到对应机器,在运行时修改参数即可。

Python操作文件和文件夹使用的是os库,下面的代码中主要用到了几个函数:

os.listdir:列出目录下的文件和文件夹
os.path.join:拼接得到一个文件/文件夹的全路径
os.path.isfile:判断是否是文件
os.path.splitext:从名称中取出一个子部分

下面是目录操作的代码

复制代码 代码如下:

def search(folder, filter, allfile):
    folders = os.listdir(folder)
    for name in folders:
        curname = os.path.join(folder, name)
        isfile = os.path.isfile(curname)
        if isfile:
            ext = os.path.splitext(curname)[1]
            count = filter.count(ext)
            if count>0:
                cur = myfile()
                cur.name = curname
                allfile.append(cur)
        else:
            search(curname, filter, allfile)
    return allfile

在返回文件的各种信息时,使用自定义类allfile来保存文件的信息,在程序中只用到了文件的全路径,如果需要同时记录文件的大小、时间、类型等信息,可以仿照代码进行扩充。

复制代码 代码如下:

class myfile:
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = ""

 得到存储文件信息的数组后,还可以将其另存成xml格式,下面是代码,在使用时,需要从Document中导入xml.dom.minidom

下面是保存为xml的代码

复制代码 代码如下:

def generate(allfile, xml):
    doc = Document()

    root = doc.createElement("root")
    doc.appendChild(root)

    for myfile in allfile:
        file = doc.createElement("file")
        root.appendChild(file)

        name = doc.createElement("name")
        file.appendChild(name)
        namevalue = doc.createTextNode(myfile.name)
        name.appendChild(namevalue)

    print doc.toprettyxml(indent="")
    f = open(xml, 'a+')
    f.write(doc.toprettyxml(indent=""))
    f.close()


执行的代码如下

复制代码 代码如下:

if __name__ == '__main__':
    folder = "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"
    filter = [".html",".htm",".php"]
    allfile = []
    allfile = search(folder, filter, allfile)
    len = len(allfile)
    print "found: " + str(len) + " files"

    xml = "folder.xml"
    generate(allfile, xml)

在Linux命令行状态下,执行Python filesearch.py,便可以生成名为folder.xml的文件。

如果要在Windows中运行该程序,需要把folder变量改成Windows下的格式,例如c:\\apache2\htdocs,然后执行c:\python25\python.exe filesearch.py(这里假设python的安装目录是c:\python25)

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