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python服务器端收发请求的实现代码

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-16 08:41:261344browse

最近学习了python的一些服务器端编程，记录在此。

发送get/post请求

# coding:utf-8
import httplib,urllib #加载模块
#urllib可以打开网站去拿
#res = urllib.urlopen('http://baidu.com');
#print res.headers
#定义需要进行发送的数据   
params = urllib.urlencode({'param':'6'});
#定义一些文件头   
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
      "Connection":"Keep-Alive",'Content-length':'200'};
#与网站构建一个连接
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost:8765");
#开始进行数据提交  同时也可以使用get进行
conn.request(method="POST",url="/",body=params,headers=headers);
#返回处理后的数据
response = conn.getresponse();
print response.read()
#判断是否提交成功
if response.status == 200:
  print "发布成功!^_^!";
else:
  print "发布失败\^0^/";
#关闭连接
conn.close();

利用urllib模块可以方便的实现发送http请求.urllib的参考手册

http://docs.python.org/2/library/urllib.html

建立http服务器，处理get,post请求

# coding:utf-8
from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer,BaseHTTPRequestHandler
class RequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
  def _writeheaders(self):
    print self.path
    print self.headers
    self.send_response(200);
    self.send_header('Content-type','text/html');
    self.end_headers()
  def do_Head(self):
    self._writeheaders()
  def do_GET(self):
    self._writeheaders()
    self.wfile.write("""<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<p>this is get!</p>
</body>
</html>"""+str(self.headers))
  def do_POST(self):
    self._writeheaders()
    length = self.headers.getheader('content-length');
    nbytes = int(length)
    data = self.rfile.read(nbytes)
    self.wfile.write("""<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<p>this is put!</p>
</body>
</html>"""+str(self.headers)+str(self.command)+str(self.headers.dict)+data)
addr = ('',8765)
server = HTTPServer(addr,RequestHandler)
server.serve_forever()

注意这里，python把response的消息体记录在了rfile中。BaseHpptServer没有实现do_POST方法，需要自己重写。之后我们新建类RequestHandler，继承自 baseHTTPServer 重写do_POST方法，读出rfile的内容即可。
但是要注意，发送端必须指定content-length.若不指定，程序就会卡在rfile.read()上，不知道读取多少。

参考手册 http://docs.python.org/2/library/basehttpserver.html

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