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PHP面向对象之----static
众所周知,OOP的目的就是了把一个次编写代码,复制复制再复制,继承继承再继承的合理利用每一次的工作,同时也方便代码管理。哪个环节出错了就去找哪个环节。但是有时候我们写的类,最终发现它只使用了一次,并没有生成多个的实例。这个时候再去new, 不仅影响效率,代码也显得不够简洁。
所以非常感性的php,为我们提供了一种便捷高效的方法 static 有了它以后这些统统不再是问题。

class hw{  
    public static function hi(){  
       return 'Hello World!!!';  
    }  
}  
   
echo hw::hi();    
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class hw{  
    public function hi(){  
       return 'Hello World!!!';  
    }  
}  
   
echo hw::hi();
  
从上面的例子可以看出了,使用了static和不使用static属性以后可以直接使用::方法从外面直接调用,但是为了效率和其他方面因素,还是建议使用static 来限制。
static 类内部调用方法

class foo{  
   
private static function c(){  
  return 'abcd';  
}  
   
public static function a(){  
  echo self::c();  
}  
   
}  
foo::a();    
使用了static 关键字来限制方法是必须使用self:: 在本类内部引用,上面的例子已经将的很清楚了。
static 属性
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class foo{  
public static $a;  
public static function a(){  
  self::$a='abcd';  
}  
}  
foo::a();  
echo foo::$a;    
我们同样可以使用static关键字来限制变量 这个时候变量不会一直保持上一次负值时候的值。
static 继承与使用
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class foo{  
public static $a;  
public static function a(){  
  return 'abcd';  
}  
}  
class oo extends foo{  
public static  function a(){  
  echo '1234';  
}  
}  
oo::a();    
static 的继承和普通类的继承方法一样,并没有太大的区别。
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class foo{  
public static $a;  
public static function a(){  
  return 'abcd';  
}  
}  
class oo extends foo{  
public static  function aa(){  
  echo parent::a();  
}  
}  
oo::aa();    
只是使用的时候有写区别,必须是parent::方法来引用父类的方法,并不能直接self::来使用父类的方法,如下例子,则不会显示任何值:
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class foo{  
public static $a;  
public static function a(){  
  return 'abcd';  
}  
}  
   
class oo extends foo{  
public static  function aa(){  
  echo self::a();  
}  
}  
oo::a();    
再一个简单的例子
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<?php  
    class Status {  
        public static $ICE = -1;  
        public static $WATER = 0;  
        public static $VAPOR = 1;   
    }  
?>?  
  
<?php  
    $exStatus = Status::$ICE;  
    if ($exStatus == Status::$ICE)  
        echo "Ice";  
    else  
        echo "Water";  
?>    
 

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