PHP中服务器变量 $_SERVER 详解
服务器变量 $_SERVER 详解:
1、$_SESSION['PHP_SELF'] -- 获取当前正在执行脚本的文件名
2、$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] -- 请求页面时通信协议的名称和版本。例如,“HTTP/1.0”。
3、$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'] -- 请求开始时的时间戳。从 PHP 5.1.0 起有效。和time函数效果一样。
4、$_SERVER['argv'] -- 传递给该脚本的参数。我试了下,get方法可以得到$_SERVER['argv'][0];post方法无法给他赋值。
5、$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] -- 返回当前主机名。
6、$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] -- 服务器标识的字串,在响应请求时的头信息中给出。 如Microsoft-IIS/6.0
7、$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] -- 访问页面时的请求方法。例如:“GET”、“HEAD”,“POST”,“PUT”。
8、$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] -- 查询(query)的字符串(URL 中第一个问号 ? 之后的内容)。
9、$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] -- 当前运行脚本所在的文档根目录。在服务器配置文件中定义。 如E:\server
10、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'] -- 当前请求的 Accept: 头信息的内容。
11、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Charset: 头信息的内容。例如:“iso-8859-1,*,utf-8”。
12、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Encoding: 头信息的内容。例如:“gzip”。
13、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Language: 头信息的内容。例如:“en”。
14、$_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION'] -- 当前请求的 Connection: 头信息的内容。例如:“Keep-Alive”。
15、$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] -- 当前请求的 Host: 头信息的内容。
16、$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] -- 链接到当前页面的前一页面的 URL 地址。
17、$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] -- 返回用户使用的浏览器信息。也可以使用 get_browser() 得到此信息。
18、$_SERVER['HTTPS'] -- 如果通过https访问,则被设为一个非空的值,否则返回off.
19、$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] -- 正在浏览当前页面用户的 IP 地址。
20、$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST'] -- 正在浏览当前页面用户的主机名。反向域名解析基于该用户的 REMOTE_ADDR。如本地测试返回127.0.0.1
21、$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT'] -- 用户连接到服务器时所使用的端口。我在本机测试没通过,不知道什么原因。
22、$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] -- 当前执行脚本的绝对路径名。如返回E:\server\index.php
23、$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN'] -- 该值指明了 Apache 服务器配置文件中的 SERVER_ADMIN 参数。如果脚本运行在一个虚拟主机上,则该值是那个虚拟主机的值
24、$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] -- 服务器所使用的端口。默认为“80”。如果使用 SSL 安全连接,则这个值为用户设置的 HTTP 端口。
25、$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE'] -- 包含服务器版本和虚拟主机名的字符串。
26、$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'] -- 当前脚本所在文件系统(不是文档根目录)的基本路径。这是在服务器进行虚拟到真实路径的映像后的结果。 Apache 2 用 户可以使用 httpd.conf 中的 AcceptPathInfo On 来定义 PATH_INFO。
27、$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] -- 包含当前脚本的路径。这在页面需要指向自己时非常有用。__FILE__ 包含当前文件的绝对路径和文件名(例如包含文件)。
28、$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] -- 访问此页面所需的 URI。例如,“/index.html”。
29、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'] -- 当作为 Apache 模块运行时,进行 HTTP Digest 认证的过程中,此变量被设置成客户端发送的“Authorization”HTTP 头内容(以便作进一步的认证操作)。
30、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER']-- 当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的用户名。
31、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'] -- 当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的密码。
32、$_SERVER['AUTH_TYPE']--当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是认证的类型。

PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.

PHP is not dead. 1) The PHP community actively solves performance and security issues, and PHP7.x improves performance. 2) PHP is suitable for modern web development and is widely used in large websites. 3) PHP is easy to learn and the server performs well, but the type system is not as strict as static languages. 4) PHP is still important in the fields of content management and e-commerce, and the ecosystem continues to evolve. 5) Optimize performance through OPcache and APC, and use OOP and design patterns to improve code quality.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on the project requirements. 1) PHP is suitable for web development, easy to learn, rich community resources, but the syntax is not modern enough, and performance and security need to be paid attention to. 2) Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and easy to learn, but there are bottlenecks in execution speed and memory management.

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.


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