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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial 发一个php 5.4.10中简略与函数相混淆的语言结构列表

发一个php 5.4.10中容易与函数相混淆的语言结构列表
这里只发一些容易产生混淆的。因为语言结构有很多没必要都列出来,而且一个一个的去查手册太麻烦了。其实只要可以在zend_language_scanner.l中找到定义的,都是语言结构。像if、for、class、function、global、包括php的开始和结束标记以及那些运算符都是语言结构。


以下这些很多人错以为是函数:
exit
die
return
echo
print
eval
__halt_compiler
include
include_once
require
require_once
isset
empty
unset
list

另外还有一些特殊常量,也属于语言结构的一部分,只不过他们在运行时将会跟随当前环境进行特殊处理,而且他们的值只在局部有意义,不是全局的。

__CLASS__
__TRAIT__
__FUNCTION__
__METHOD__
__LINE__
__FILE__
__DIR__
__NAMESPACE__

这几个特殊常量,会在运行时进行绑定,就拿__CLASS__来说,他的绑定代码如下:

<ST_IN_SCRIPTING>"__CLASS__" {<br />
	const char *class_name = NULL;<br />
	<br />
	if (CG(active_class_entry)<br />
		&& (ZEND_ACC_TRAIT ==<br />
			(CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_TRAIT))) {<br />
		/* We create a special __CLASS__ constant that is going to be resolved<br />
		   at run-time */<br />
		zendlval->value.str.len = sizeof("__CLASS__")-1;<br />
		zendlval->value.str.val = estrndup("__CLASS__", zendlval->value.str.len);<br />
		zendlval->type = IS_CONSTANT;<br />
	} else {<br />
		if (CG(active_class_entry)) {<br />
			class_name = CG(active_class_entry)->name;<br />
		}<br />
		<br />
		if (!class_name) {<br />
			class_name = "";<br />
		}<br />
		<br />
		zendlval->value.str.len = strlen(class_name);<br />
		zendlval->value.str.val = estrndup(class_name, zendlval->value.str.len);<br />
		zendlval->type = IS_STRING;<br />
	}<br />
	return T_CLASS_C;<br />
}


在第一次调用到__CLASS__时,会将当前相关信息装入zendval这个结构体中,包括他的名称、名称长度、值、类型。
可以看到那段注释:We create a special __CLASS__ constant that is going to be resolved at run-time
但需要注意的是,他只会与最初调用其的那个class进行绑定,继承他的子类不会再次绑定。如果写一个class a,在其中定义个方法foo,调用了__CLASS__这个特殊常量,然后再写一个class b继承class a并且继承那个方法,从子类调用foo时,获取到的将是父类class a的名称,而非子类的。大多数早期解释性语言都这样处理,但我试验了ruby,ruby会动态的根据当前调用的class重新绑定。所以获取到的是class b的名称。python没实验过,不知如何处理的。

另外语言结构和函数的区别还有如下两点:
1 没有返回值。
2 有些语言结构的接参数时可以不用括号括起来(不是全部),比如你可以echo 123,456;你可以include '/home/angryfrog/library/my_class.php',return 1;die和exit后面可以不要任何参数也可以不要括号。但eval和isset、unset还是需要括号。

php 语言结构
------解决方案--------------------
感谢分享..

学习一下
------解决方案--------------------
include 没有返回值吗?
什么时候改的?
Statement
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