Learning PHP -数据的存储与检索
存储数据有两种基本方法:保存到普通文件,或者保存到数据库中。
数据写入:
- 1、打开文件。如果文件不存在,需要先创建它。
- 2、将数据写入这个文件。
- 3、关闭这个文件。
数据读出:
- 1、打开文件。如果这个文件不能开,就应该意识到这一点并且正确地推出。
- 2、从文件中读出数据。
- 3、关闭这个文件。
选择文件模式:
当打开一个文件的时候,有以下三种选择。
- 1、打开文件为了只读、只写或者读和写。
- 2、如果要写一个文件,你可能希望覆盖已有的文件内容,或者仅仅将新的数据追加到未见末尾。如果该文件已经存在,也可以终止程序的执行而不是覆盖该文件。
- 3、如果希望在一个区分了二级制方式和纯文本方式的系统上写一个文件,还必须指定采用的方式。
函数fopen()支持以上三种方式的组合。
根据服务器设置不同,可以通过如下三种方式得到文档根目录:
- $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']
- $DOCUMENT_ROOT
- $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['DOCUMENT_ROOT']
对于表单数据,第一个风格是首选的。
打开文件fopen(path,mode)
写文件:fwrite($fp, &outputstring)
关闭文件:fclose($fp)
fopen()函数的文件模式
- r 只读 读模式――打开文件,从文件头开始读
- r+ 只读 读写模式――打开文件,从文件头开始读写
- w 只写 写模式――打开文件,从文件头开始读。如果该文件已经存在,将删除所有文件已有内容。如果该文 件不存在,函数将创建这个文件。
- x 谨慎写 写模式打开文件,从文件头开始写。入如果文件已经存在,该文件将不会被打开,fopen()函数将返回false,而且PHP将产生一个警告。
- x+ 谨慎写 读/写模式打开文件,从文件头开始写。入如果文件已经存在,该文件将不会被打开,fopen()函数将返回false,而且PHP将产生一个警告。
- a 追加 追加模式――打开文件,如果该文件已有内容,将从文件末尾开始追加(写),如果该文件不存在,函数将创建这个文件
- a+ 追加 追加模式――打开文件,如果该文件已有内容,将从文件末尾开始追加(写),如果该文件不存在,函数将创建这个文件
- b 二进制 二进制模式――用于与其他模式进行连接。如果文件系统能够区分二进制文件和文本文件,你可能会使用它。可以获得最大程度的可移植性。二进制模式是默认的模式。
- t 文本 用于与其他模式的结合。这个模式只是windows系统下一个选项。
以只读模式打开文件:fopen()
知道何时读完文件:feof()
每次读取一行数据:fgets()、fgetss()和fgetcsv()
读取整个文件:readfile()、fpassthru()和file()
- 第一种方式是readfile()。readfile($path);调用readfile()函数将打开这个文件,并且将文件内容输出到标准输出中,然后再关闭这个文件。
- 第二种方式是fpassthru()。要使用这个函数,必须先使用fopen()打开文件。然后将文件指针作为参数传递给fpassthru(),这样就可以把文件指针所指向的文件内容发送到标准输出。然后再将这个文件关闭。如果读操作成功,函数返回true,否则返回false。
- 第三种读取整个文件的函数是file().它和readfile一样。不过它是把结果发送到一个数组中。 $filearray = file($path);
- 第四种选择是使用file_get_contents()函数。这个函数与readfile()相同,但是该函数将以字符串的形式返回文件内容,而不是将文件内容回显到浏览器中。
读取一个字符:fgetc()
while(!feof($fp)){ $char = fgetc($fp); if(!feof($fp)){ echo ($char == "\n "? "<br> ": $char); } }
读取任意长度:fread()
读取一个文件的最后一种方法是使用fread()函数从文件中读取任意长度的字节。
查看文件是否存在:file_exists()
确定文件大小:filesize()
删除一个文件:unlink()(PHP中没有名为delete的函数)
在文件中定位:rewind()、fseek()和ftell()
rewind()函数可以将指针复位到文件的开始。
ftell()函数可以以字节为单位报告文件指针当前在文件中的位置。
调用fseek()函数可以将文件指针fp从whence位置移动offset个字节。
rewind()函数等价于调用一个具有零偏移量的fseek()函数。
文件的锁定:
为了避免多个方法同时操作一个文件,可以使用文件锁定的方法。
文件锁定是通过flock()函数来实现的。
如果打算使用flock()函数,必须将其添加到所有使用文件的脚本中;否则,就没有任何意义。
flock()的操作值
- LOCK_SH 读操作锁定。这意味着文件可以共享,其他人可以读该文件
- LOCK_EX 写操作锁定。这是互斥的。该文件不能被共享。
- LOCK_UN 释放已有的锁定
- LOCK_NB 防止在请求加锁时发生阻塞
数据库管理系统
- RDBMS提供了比普通文件更快的数据访问。
- RDBMS可以很容易地查找并检索满足特定条件的数据集合。
- RDBMS具有内置的处理并发访问的机制。
- RDBMS可以随机访问数据。
- RDBNS具有内置的权限系统。
vieworders.php
<?php $DOCUMENT_ROOT = $_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]; ?> <title>Bob's Auto Parts - Customer Orders</title> <h1 id="Bob-s-Auto-Parts">Bob's Auto Parts</h1> <h2 id="Customer-Orders">Customer Orders</h2> <?php @$fp = fopen("$DOCUMENT_ROOT/orders/orders.txt", 'rb'); if(!$fp){ echo "<p><strong>No orders pending.Please try again later.</strong>"; exit; } while (!feof($fp)){ $order = fgets($fp,999); echo $order."<br>"; } ?>
proccessorder.php
<?php $tireqty = $_POST['$tireqty']; $oilqty = $_POST['$oilqty']; $sparkqty = $_POST['$sparkqty']; $address = $_POST['address']; $DOCUMENT_ROOT = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']; $date = date('H:i, jS F Y'); ?> <title>Bob's Auto Parts-Order Results</title> <h1 id="Bob-s-Auto-Parts">Bob's Auto Parts</h1> <h2 id="Order-Results">Order Results</h2> <?php echo "<p>Order processed at ".date('H:i, jS F Y').""; echo "<p>Your order is as follows: </p>"; $totalqty = 0; $totalqty = $tireqty + $oilqty + $sparkqty; echo "Items ordered: ".$totalqty."<br>"; if($totalqty == 0){ echo "You did not order anything on the previous page!<br>"; }else{ if($tireqty > 0){ echo $tireqty." tires<br>"; } if($oilqty > 0){ echo $oilqty." bottles of oil<br>"; } if($sparkqty > 0){ echo $sparkqty." spark plugs<br>"; } } $totalamount = 0.00; define("TIREPRICE", 100); define("OILPRICE", 10); define("SPARKPRICE", 4); $totalamount = $tireqty * TIREPRICE + $oilqty * OILPRICE + $sparkqty * SPARKPRICE; $totalamount=number_format($totalamount, 2, '.', ' '); echo "<p>Total of order is $.$totalamount.</p>"; echo "<p>Address to ship to is ".$address."</p>"; $outputstring = $date."\t".$tireqty." tires \t".$oilqty." oil\t" .$sparkqty." spark plugs\t\$".$totalamount."\t".$address."\n"; @ $fp= fopen("$DOCUMENT_ROOT/orders/orders.txt", 'ab'); flock($fp, LOCK_EX); if(!$fp){ echo "<p><strong>Your orde could not be processed at this time. Please try again later.</strong></p>"; exit; } fwrite($fp, $outputstring, strlen($outputstring)); flock($fp, LOCK_UN); fclose($fp); echo "<p>Order written.</p>"; ?>

PHP remains important in modern web development, especially in content management and e-commerce platforms. 1) PHP has a rich ecosystem and strong framework support, such as Laravel and Symfony. 2) Performance optimization can be achieved through OPcache and Nginx. 3) PHP8.0 introduces JIT compiler to improve performance. 4) Cloud-native applications are deployed through Docker and Kubernetes to improve flexibility and scalability.

PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages and are suitable for different scenarios. 1.PHP is suitable for web development and provides built-in web servers and rich function libraries. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and a powerful standard library. When choosing, it should be decided based on project requirements.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

The reasons why PHP is the preferred technology stack for many websites include its ease of use, strong community support, and widespread use. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners. 2) Have a huge developer community and rich resources. 3) Widely used in WordPress, Drupal and other platforms. 4) Integrate tightly with web servers to simplify development deployment.

PHP remains a powerful and widely used tool in modern programming, especially in the field of web development. 1) PHP is easy to use and seamlessly integrated with databases, and is the first choice for many developers. 2) It supports dynamic content generation and object-oriented programming, suitable for quickly creating and maintaining websites. 3) PHP's performance can be improved by caching and optimizing database queries, and its extensive community and rich ecosystem make it still important in today's technology stack.

In PHP, weak references are implemented through the WeakReference class and will not prevent the garbage collector from reclaiming objects. Weak references are suitable for scenarios such as caching systems and event listeners. It should be noted that it cannot guarantee the survival of objects and that garbage collection may be delayed.

The \_\_invoke method allows objects to be called like functions. 1. Define the \_\_invoke method so that the object can be called. 2. When using the $obj(...) syntax, PHP will execute the \_\_invoke method. 3. Suitable for scenarios such as logging and calculator, improving code flexibility and readability.


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse
Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.