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php学习笔记-filter

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:02 PM
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php学习笔记--filter

  • filter_var():通过一个指定的过滤器来过滤单一的变量

           filter_var(variable,filter,options):variable必填,filter可选,options规定包含标志/选项的数组。检查每个过滤器可能的标志和选项。

       

 

$var=300;$int_options = array(<span style="color:#FF0000">"options"</span>=>array ( "min_range"=>0, "max_range"=>256 ));if(!<code><span style="color:#3665EE">filter_var($var, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT, $int_options)</span></code>) { echo("Integer is not valid"); }else { echo("Integer is valid"); }?>
就像上面的代码一样,选项必须放入一个名为 <span style="color:#FF0000">"options"</span> 的相关数组中。如果使用标志,则不需在数组内。由于整数是 "300",它不在指定的范围内,以上代码的输出将是 "Integer is not valid"。


  • filter_var_array():通过相同的或不同的过滤器来过滤多个变量
  • filter_input():获取一个输入变量,并对它进行过滤

          filter_input(input_type,variable,filter,options)

          input_type:INPUT_GET,INPUT_POST,INPUT_COOKIE,INPUT_ENV,INPUT_SERVER,INPUT_SESSION(not yet inplemented),INPUT_REQUEST(not yet inplemented)

filter:可选,规定要使用的过滤器的ID。默认是FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING。

  • filter_input_array():获取多个输入变量,并通过相同的或不同的过滤器对它们进行过滤

          本函数无需重复调用filter_input(),对过滤多个输入变量很有用。

  • FILTER_VALIDATE_INT

    在指定的范围内以证书验证值

    FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN

    如果是“1”,“true”,“on”,“yes”,则返回true
    如果是“0”,“false”,“off”,“no”,则返回false
    否则返回NULL

    FILTER_VALIDATE_FLOAT 以浮点数验证值
    FILTER_VALIDATE_URL 把值作为URL来验证
    FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL 把值作为e-mail来验证
    FILTER_VALIDATE_IP 把值作为IP地址来验证
    FILTER_SANITIZE_URL:过滤器删除字符串中所有非法的URL字符。

    有两种过滤器。
    Validating过滤器:
    用于验证用户输入
    严格的格式规则
    如果成功则返回预期的类型,如果失败则返回FALSE
    Sanitizing过滤器:
    用于允许或禁止字符串中指定的字符
    无数据格式规则
    始终返回字符创

    验证输入:
    我们需要做的第一件事情是确认是否存在我们正在查找的输入数据。
    然后我们用filter_input()函数过滤输入的数据。
    if(!filter_has_var(INPUT_GET,"email")){//检查是否存在指定输入类型的变量
    echo("Input type does not exist");
    }else{
      if(!filter_input(INPUT_GET,"email",FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)){//从脚本外部获取输入,并进行过滤
         echo "E-Mail is not valid";
      }
    }

    净化输入:
    首先确认是否存在我们正在查找的输入数据。
    然后,用filter_input()函数来净化输入数据。
    if(!filter_has_var(INPUT_POST,"url")){//检测是否存在POST方法传送的输入变量url
      echo("Input type does not exist");
    }else{
      $url=filter_input(INPUT_POST,"url",FILTER_SANITIZE_URL);//如果存在,对其进行净化(删除非法字符),并将其存在$url变量中
    }

    假如输入变量类似这样:"http://www.W3非o法ol.com.c字符n/",则净化后的 $url 变量应该是这样的:

    <span style="color:#BC0058">http://www.W3School.com.cn/</span>
    过滤多个输入:
    表单通常由多个输入字段组成。为了避免对filter_var或filter_input重复调用,我们可以使用filter_var_array或the filter_input_array函数。

    在本例中,我们使用 filter_input_array() 函数来过滤三个 GET 变量。接收到的 GET 变量是一个名字、一个年龄以及一个邮件地址:

    $filters = array
     (
     "name" => array
      (
      "filter"=>FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING
      ),
     "age" => array
      (
      "filter"=>FILTER_VALIDATE_INT,
      "options"=>array
       (
       "min_range"=>1,
       "max_range"=>120
       )
      ),
     "email"=> FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL,
     );

    $result = filter_input_array(INPUT_GET, $filters);

    if (!$result["age"])
     {
     echo("Age must be a number between 1 and 120.
    ");
     }
    elseif(!$result["email"])
     {
     echo("E-Mail is not valid.
    ");
     }
    else
     {
     echo("User input is valid");
     }
    ?>
    解释:
    1.设置一个数组,其中包含了输入变量的名称,以及用于指定的输入变量的过滤器
    2.调用filter_input_array函数,参数包括GET输入变量及刚才设置的数组
    3.检测$result变量中的age和email比阿尼狼是否有非法的输入

    使用Filter Callback:
    可以调用自定义的函数,把它作为一个过滤器来使用。这样,我们就拥有了数据过滤的完全控制权。

    function convertSpace($string){
    return str_replace("_"," ",$string);
    }

    $string="Peter_is_a_greate_boy!";
    echo filter_var($string,FILTER_CALLBACK,array("options"=>"convertSpace"));
    解释:
    1.创建一个把"_"替换为空格的函数
    2.调用filter_var函数,它的参数是FILTER_CALLBACK过滤器以及包含我们的函数的数组



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