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PHP中mb_convert_encoding与iconv函数的深入解析Jun 13, 2016 am 11:46 AM
convertencodingiconvphpandfunctiongo deepofparse

mb_convert_encoding这个函数是用来转换编码的。原来一直对程序编码这一概念不理解,不过现在好像有点开窍了。

不过英文一般不会存在编码问题,只有中文数据才会有这个问题。比如你用Zend Studio或Editplus写程序时,用的是gbk编码,如果数据需要入数据库,而数据库的编码为utf8时,这时就要把数据进行编码转换,不然进到数据库就会变成乱码。
mb_convert_encoding的用法见官方:
http://php.net/manual/zh/function.mb-convert-encoding.php
做一个GBK To UTF-8

复制代码 代码如下:


header("content-Type: text/html; charset=Utf-8");
echo mb_convert_encoding("妳係我的友仔", "UTF-8", "GBK");
?>


再来个GB2312 To Big5

复制代码 代码如下:


header("content-Type: text/html; charset=big5");
echo mb_convert_encoding("你是我的朋友", "big5", "GB2312");
?>


不过要使用上面的函数需要安装但是需要先enable mbstring 扩展库。
PHP中的另外一个函数iconv也是用来转换字符串编码的,与上函数功能相似。
下面还有一些详细的例子:

复制代码 代码如下:


iconv — Convert string to requested character encoding
(PHP 4 >= 4.0.5, PHP 5)
mb_convert_encoding — Convert character encoding
(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5)


用法:
string mb_convert_encoding ( string str, string to_encoding [, mixed from_encoding] )
需要先enable mbstring 扩展库,在 php.ini里将; extension=php_mbstring.dll 前面的 ; 去掉
mb_convert_encoding 可以指定多种输入编码,它会根据内容自动识别,但是执行效率比iconv差太多;
string iconv ( string in_charset, string out_charset, string str )
注意:第二个参数,除了可以指定要转化到的编码以外,还可以增加两个后缀://TRANSLIT 和 //IGNORE,其中 //TRANSLIT 会自动将不能直接转化的字符变成一个或多个近似的字符,//IGNORE 会忽略掉不能转化的字符,而默认效果是从第一个非法字符截断。
Returns the converted string or FALSE on failure.
使用:
发现iconv在转换字符”—”到gb2312时会出错,如果没有ignore参数,所有该字符后面的字符串都无法被保存。不管怎么样,这个”—”都无法转换成功,无法输出。 另外mb_convert_encoding没有这个bug.

一般情况下用 iconv,只有当遇到无法确定原编码是何种编码,或者iconv转化后无法正常显示时才用mb_convert_encoding 函数.

复制代码 代码如下:


from_encoding is specified by character code name before conversion. it can be array or string - comma separated enumerated list. If it is not specified, the internal encoding will be used.
/* Auto detect encoding from JIS, eucjp-win, sjis-win, then convert str to UCS-2LE */
$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, “UCS-2LE”, “JIS, eucjp-win, sjis-win”);
/* “auto” is expanded to “ASCII,JIS,UTF-8,EUC-JP,SJIS” */
$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, “EUC-JP”, “auto”);


例子:

复制代码 代码如下:


$content = iconv(”GBK”, “UTF-8″, $content);
$content = mb_convert_encoding($content, “UTF-8″, “GBK”);

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