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php 判断数组相等 数组运算符介绍

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:58 AM
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如何判断两个数组相等呢?其实很简单,用 == 或者 === 就可以了

php手册里说明如下,

例子 名称 结果
$a + $b 联合 $a 和 $b 的联合。
$a == $b 相等 如果 $a 和 $b 具有相同的键/值对则为 TRUE。
$a === $b 全等 如果 $a 和 $b 具有相同的键/值对并且顺序和类型都相同则为 TRUE。
$a != $b 不等 如果 $a 不等于 $b 则为 TRUE。
$a $b 不等 如果 $a 不等于 $b 则为 TRUE。
$a !== $b 不全等 如果 $a 不全等于 $b 则为 TRUE。
那像 array('k'=>array())这样的多维数组能用如上方法判断相等吗?当然也可以。

若数组是数字索引的,就要注意一下了,见代码


[php]
$a = array("apple", "banana"); 
$b = array(1 => "banana", "0" => "apple"); 
 
var_dump($a == $b); // bool(true)  
var_dump($a === $b); // bool(false)  
?> 

$a = array("apple", "banana");
$b = array(1 => "banana", "0" => "apple");

var_dump($a == $b); // bool(true)
var_dump($a === $b); // bool(false)
?>
除了==这种数组操作符之外,还有其他比较绕的方法来判断。比如说,利用array_diff($a, $b)来比较两个数组的差集,如果差集是NULL的话就相等了。

然后再说一下 数组的 + 加号运算符。+ 和 array_merge的区别在遇到相等key时,用+时,左边数组会覆盖掉右边数组的值,array_merge相反,后面的数组覆盖掉前面的。


[php]
$a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana"); 
$b = array("a" => "pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry"); 
 
$c = $a + $b; // Union of $a and $b  
echo "Union of \$a and \$b: \n"; 
var_dump($c); 
 
$c = array_merge($a, $b); // Union of $b and $a  
echo "array_merge of \$b and \$a: \n"; 
var_dump($c); 
?> 

$a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana");
$b = array("a" => "pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry");

$c = $a + $b; // Union of $a and $b
echo "Union of \$a and \$b: \n";
var_dump($c);

$c = array_merge($a, $b); // Union of $b and $a
echo "array_merge of \$b and \$a: \n";
var_dump($c);
?>执行后输出:


[php]
Union of $a and $b:  
array(3) { 
  ["a"]=> 
  string(5) "apple" 
  ["b"]=> 
  string(6) "banana" 
  ["c"]=> 
  string(6) "cherry" 

array_merge of $b and $a:  
array(3) { 
  ["a"]=> 
  string(4) "pear" 
  ["b"]=> 
  string(10) "strawberry" 
  ["c"]=> 
  string(6) "cherry" 

Union of $a and $b:
array(3) {
  ["a"]=>
  string(5) "apple"
  ["b"]=>
  string(6) "banana"
  ["c"]=>
  string(6) "cherry"
}
array_merge of $b and $a:
array(3) {
  ["a"]=>
  string(4) "pear"
  ["b"]=>
  string(10) "strawberry"
  ["c"]=>
  string(6) "cherry"
}


 

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