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PHP反射API
反射是什么?
它是指在PHP运行状态中,扩展分析PHP程序,导出或提取出关于类、方法、属性、参数等的详细信息,包括注释。这种动态获取的信息以及动态调用对象的方法的功能称为反射API。

反射API概览:class Reflection { }interface Reflector { }class ReflectionException extends Exception { }class ReflectionFunction implements Reflector { }class ReflectionParameter implements Reflector { }class ReflectionMethod extends ReflectionFunction { }class ReflectionClass implements Reflector { }class ReflectionObject extends ReflectionClass { }class ReflectionProperty implements Reflector { }class ReflectionExtension implements Reflector { }详细说明:(例子详见php手册)①Reflection类class Reflection{public static mixed export(Reflector r [,bool return])//导出一个类或方法的详细信息public static array getModifierNames(int modifiers)//取得修饰符的名字}②ReflectionException类该类继承标准类,没特殊方法和属性。③ReflectionFunction类class ReflectionFunction implements Reflector{final private __clone()public object __construct(string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该函数的详细信息public string getName()//取得函数名public bool isInternal()//测试是否为系统内部函数public bool isUserDefined()//测试是否为用户自定义函数public string getFileName()//取得文件名,包括路径名public int getStartLine()//取得定义函数的起始行public int getEndLine()//取得定义函数的结束行public string getDocComment()//取得函数的注释public array getStaticVariables()//取得静态变量public mixed invoke(mixed* args)//调用该函数,通过参数列表传参数public mixed invokeArgs(array args)//调用该函数,通过数组传参数public bool returnsReference()//测试该函数是否返回引用public ReflectionParameter[] getParameters()//取得该方法所需的参数,返回值为对象数组public int getNumberOfParameters()//取得该方法所需的参数个数public int getNumberOfRequiredParameters()//取得该方法所需的参数个数}④ReflectionParameter类:class ReflectionParameter implements Reflector{final private __clone()public object __construct(string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该参数的详细信息public string getName()//取得参数名public bool isPassedByReference()//测试该参数是否通过引用传递参数public ReflectionClass getClass()//若该参数为对象,返回该对象的类名public bool isArray()//测试该参数是否为数组类型public bool allowsNull()//测试该参数是否允许为空public bool isOptional()//测试该参数是否为可选的,当有默认参数时可选public bool isDefaultValueAvailable()//测试该参数是否为默认参数public mixed getDefaultValue()//取得该参数的默认值}⑤ReflectionClass类:class ReflectionClass implements Reflector{final private __clone()public object __construct(string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该类的详细信息public string getName()//取得类名或接口名public bool isInternal()//测试该类是否为系统内部类public bool isUserDefined()//测试该类是否为用户自定义类public bool isInstantiable()//测试该类是否被实例化过public bool hasConstant(string name)//测试该类是否有特定的常量public bool hasMethod(string name)//测试该类是否有特定的方法public bool hasProperty(string name)//测试该类是否有特定的属性public string getFileName()//取得定义该类的文件名,包括路径名public int getStartLine()//取得定义该类的开始行public int getEndLine()//取得定义该类的结束行public string getDocComment()//取得该类的注释public ReflectionMethod getConstructor()//取得该类的构造函数信息public ReflectionMethod getMethod(string name)//取得该类的某个特定的方法信息public ReflectionMethod[] getMethods()//取得该类的所有的方法信息public ReflectionProperty getProperty(string name)//取得某个特定的属性信息public ReflectionProperty[] getProperties()//取得该类的所有属性信息public array getConstants()//取得该类所有常量信息public mixed getConstant(string name)//取得该类特定常量信息public ReflectionClass[] getInterfaces()//取得接口类信息public bool isInterface()//测试该类是否为接口public bool isAbstract()//测试该类是否为抽象类public bool isFinal()//测试该类是否声明为finalpublic int getModifiers()//取得该类的修饰符,返回值类型可能是个资源类型//通过Reflection::getModifierNames($class->getModifiers())进一步读取public bool isInstance(stdclass object)//测试传入的对象是否为该类的一个实例public stdclass newInstance(mixed* args)//创建该类实例public ReflectionClass getParentClass()//取得父类public bool isSubclassOf(ReflectionClass class)//测试传入的类是否为该类的父类public array getStaticProperties()//取得该类的所有静态属性public mixed getStaticPropertyValue(string name [, mixed default])//取得该类的静态属性值,若private,则不可访问public void setStaticPropertyValue(string name, mixed value)//设置该类的静态属性值,若private,则不可访问,有悖封装原则public array getDefaultProperties()//取得该类的属性信息,不含静态属性public bool isIterateable()public bool implementsInterface(string name)//测试是否实现了某个特定接口public ReflectionExtension getExtension()public string getExtensionName()}⑥ReflectionMethod类:class ReflectionMethod extends ReflectionFunction{public __construct(mixed class, string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该方法的信息public mixed invoke(stdclass object, mixed* args)//调用该方法public mixed invokeArgs(stdclass object, array args)//调用该方法,传多参数public bool isFinal()//测试该方法是否为finalpublic bool isAbstract()//测试该方法是否为abstractpublic bool isPublic()//测试该方法是否为publicpublic bool isPrivate()//测试该方法是否为privatepublic bool isProtected()//测试该方法是否为protectedpublic bool isStatic()//测试该方法是否为staticpublic bool isConstructor()//测试该方法是否为构造函数public bool isDestructor()//测试该方法是否为析构函数public int getModifiers()//取得该方法的修饰符public ReflectionClass getDeclaringClass()//取得该方法所属的类// Inherited from ReflectionFunctionfinal private __clone()public string getName()public bool isInternal()public bool isUserDefined()public string getFileName()public int getStartLine()public int getEndLine()public string getDocComment()public array getStaticVariables()public bool returnsReference()public ReflectionParameter[] getParameters()public int getNumberOfParameters()public int getNumberOfRequiredParameters()}⑦ReflectionProperty类:class ReflectionProperty implements Reflector{final private __clone()public __construct(mixed class, string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该属性的详细信息public string getName()//取得该属性名public bool isPublic()//测试该属性名是否为publicpublic bool isPrivate()//测试该属性名是否为privatepublic bool isProtected()//测试该属性名是否为protectedpublic bool isStatic()//测试该属性名是否为staticpublic bool isDefault()public int getModifiers()//取得修饰符public mixed getValue(stdclass object)//取得该属性值public void setValue(stdclass object, mixed value)//设置该属性值public ReflectionClass getDeclaringClass()//取得定义该属性的类public string getDocComment()//取得该属性的注释}⑧ReflectionExtension类class ReflectionExtension implements Reflector {final private __clone()public __construct(string name)public string __toString()public static string export()//导出该扩展的所有信息public string getName()//取得该扩展的名字public string getVersion()//取得该扩展的版本public ReflectionFunction[] getFunctions()//取得该扩展的所有函数public array getConstants()//取得该扩展的所有常量public array getINIEntries()//取得与该扩展相关的,在php.ini中的指令信息public ReflectionClass[] getClasses()public array getClassNames()}

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