Ubuntu 11.10 安装 PHP, PHP-FPM, eAccelerator
###### 前期工作 ######
sudo apt-get update #先更新下#
sudo apt-get install make bison flex gcc patch autoconf git zip
sudo apt-get install libpng-dev libjpeg-dev libxml2-dev libevent-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libmcrypt-dev libmysqlclient-dev libming-dev libfreetype6-dev libtool
######安装Ming######
#上步成功的话,这一步可以省略#
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/ming/Releases/ming-0.4.4.tar.gz
tar zxvf ming-0.4.4.tar.gz
cd ming-0.4.4
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install
###### 安装memcached服务器及客户端 ######
sudo apt-get install memcached libmemcached-dev
启动memcached
sudo memcached -d -m 64 -p 11211 -l 127.0.0.1 -u nobody -c 1024
memcached常用启动参数描述:
-d:启动一个守护进程,
-m:分配给Memcache使用的内存数量,单位是MB,默认是64MB,
-u:运行Memcache的用户
-l:监听的服务器IP地址
-p:设置Memcache监听的端口,默认是11211注:-p(p为小写)
-c:设置最大并发连接数,默认是1024
-P:设置保存Memcache的pid文件注:-P(P为大写)
-h 显示帮助
###### 安装PHP ######
wget http://jp.php.net/distributions/php-5.2.17.tar.gz
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
tar zvxf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | sudo patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cd php-5.2.17
sudo ./configure --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-zlib --enable-mbstring --disable-pdo --with-mysql --with-mysqli --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --enable-zip --with-zlib --enable-force-cgi-redirect -enable-discard-path
##--with-ming --with-curl --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-mhash --enable-xslt --with-pcre-regex --enable-pic##
sudo make
sudo make install
Installing PHP SAPI module: cgi
Installing PHP CGI binary: /usr/local/bin/
Installing FPM config: /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
Installing init.d script: /usr/local/sbin/php-fpm
Installing PHP CLI binary: /usr/local/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page: /usr/local/man/man1/
Installing build environment: /usr/local/lib/php/build/
Installing header files: /usr/local/include/php/
Installing helper programs: /usr/local/bin/
program: phpize
program: php-config
Installing man pages: /usr/local/man/man1/
page: phpize.1
page: php-config.1
Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.7
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.2.3
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.3
[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.2.1
[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.9.1
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
###### 修改配置文件 ######
sudo cp /usr/local/src/php-5.2.17/php.ini-recommended /usr/local/lib/php.ini
sudo mkdir /etc/php/
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/php.ini /etc/php/php.ini
sudo ln -s /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php/php-fpm.conf
#######安装php扩展######
sudo pecl install memcache
sudo pecl install pdo_mysql
###### 安装libgif-dev ######
wget http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/giflib/libgif-dev_4.1.6-9_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libgif-dev_4.1.6-9_i386.deb
###### 安装SwfEditor ######
wget http://iij.dl.sourceforge.jp/swfed/54007/swfed-0.51.tar.gz
tar zvxf swfed-0.51.tar.gz
cd swfed-0.51
sudo phpize
sudo ./configure
sudo make
#####安装eAccelerator######
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.zip
unzip eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.zip
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1
sudo phpize
sudo ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared
sudo make
sudo make install
#####创建www用户和组######
sudo groupadd www
sudo useradd -g www www
chmod +w /var/www
chown -R www:www /var/www

In PHP, you can use session_status() or session_id() to check whether the session has started. 1) Use the session_status() function. If PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE is returned, the session has been started. 2) Use the session_id() function, if a non-empty string is returned, the session has been started. Both methods can effectively check the session state, and choosing which method to use depends on the PHP version and personal preferences.

Sessionsarevitalinwebapplications,especiallyfore-commerceplatforms.Theymaintainuserdataacrossrequests,crucialforshoppingcarts,authentication,andpersonalization.InFlask,sessionscanbeimplementedusingsimplecodetomanageuserloginsanddatapersistence.

Managing concurrent session access in PHP can be done by the following methods: 1. Use the database to store session data, 2. Use Redis or Memcached, 3. Implement a session locking strategy. These methods help ensure data consistency and improve concurrency performance.

PHPsessionshaveseverallimitations:1)Storageconstraintscanleadtoperformanceissues;2)Securityvulnerabilitieslikesessionfixationattacksexist;3)Scalabilityischallengingduetoserver-specificstorage;4)Sessionexpirationmanagementcanbeproblematic;5)Datapersis

Load balancing affects session management, but can be resolved with session replication, session stickiness, and centralized session storage. 1. Session Replication Copy session data between servers. 2. Session stickiness directs user requests to the same server. 3. Centralized session storage uses independent servers such as Redis to store session data to ensure data sharing.

Sessionlockingisatechniqueusedtoensureauser'ssessionremainsexclusivetooneuseratatime.Itiscrucialforpreventingdatacorruptionandsecuritybreachesinmulti-userapplications.Sessionlockingisimplementedusingserver-sidelockingmechanisms,suchasReentrantLockinJ

Alternatives to PHP sessions include Cookies, Token-based Authentication, Database-based Sessions, and Redis/Memcached. 1.Cookies manage sessions by storing data on the client, which is simple but low in security. 2.Token-based Authentication uses tokens to verify users, which is highly secure but requires additional logic. 3.Database-basedSessions stores data in the database, which has good scalability but may affect performance. 4. Redis/Memcached uses distributed cache to improve performance and scalability, but requires additional matching

Sessionhijacking refers to an attacker impersonating a user by obtaining the user's sessionID. Prevention methods include: 1) encrypting communication using HTTPS; 2) verifying the source of the sessionID; 3) using a secure sessionID generation algorithm; 4) regularly updating the sessionID.


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