How to resolve conflicts with git

To resolve a Git conflict, perform the following steps: Detect conflicts; identify the source of the conflict and resolve them manually; keep one version, merge two versions, or fall back to one version; commit merged changes; push changes.

How to resolve Git conflicts

Git conflict occurs when two or more developers edit the same part of the same file at the same time. Resolving these conflicts is critical to maintaining the integrity and accuracy of the code base.

How to detect conflicts

When executing git pull or git fetch in Git, the system will check for conflicts. If a conflict is detected, the command aborts and a conflict message is displayed.

How to resolve conflicts

1. Identify the source of conflict

View conflict messages to understand the name and line number of the conflicting file. This will help you understand which developers have edited conflicting rows.

2. Manually resolve conflicts

Use a text editor to open a conflicting file. Conflicting areas will be highlighted with and <code>>>>>>>> separators.

• Keep a version: If changes to one version are required and the other version is redundant, keep the required version.
• Merge two versions: If both versions contain the necessary changes, try merging them to create a new version.
• Back back a version: If the conflict cannot be resolved, restore to one of the versions by executing git checkout --ours file.txt or git checkout --theirs file.txt .

3. Submit merged changes

After all conflicts are resolved, commit the merged changes. Execute git add file.txt to add the changes to the staging area, and then execute git commit -m "Resolve conflicts" to commit the changes.

4. Push changes

Finally, perform git push to push the merged changes to the remote repository.

Tips to avoid conflicts

• Frequent push and pull: This helps ensure that your local replica is up to date and reduces chances of conflict.
• Using Branches: Before making a major change, use branches to avoid conflicts with other developers.
• Use Merge Tools: If you have difficulty resolving conflicts manually, you can use the Git client or third-party Merge Tools to help you.

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