How to configure logs in nginx

Configuring logs in Nginx is crucial to track server performance, identify issues, and troubleshoot. Here are the steps: In Nginx.conf, configure the log format and path. Set log formats, such as the commonly used main format. Specifies the path to access and error logs. Set the log level, such as info to log all messages. Restart Nginx for the changes to take effect. Verify that the access.log and error.log files contain log content.

How to configure logs in Nginx

Configuring logs in Nginx is crucial because it allows you to track server performance, identify issues, and troubleshoot. This article walks you through the steps to configure logs for Nginx.

1. Configure Nginx.conf

First, find the following section in the Nginx configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf or /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf :

 <code>http { # 其他配置... # 日志配置部分log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; # 设置日志路径access_log /path/to/access.log main; error_log /path/to/error.log info; # 其他配置... }</code>

2. Set log format

In the log_format directive, you can specify the format of the log entries. main format is a commonly used format that contains the following fields:

• $remote_addr - Client IP address
• $remote_user - Client user ID (if authenticated)
• $time_local - local time
• $request - request line
• $status - HTTP status code
• $body_bytes_sent - Size of the response body sent
• $http_referer - Reference source URL
• $http_user_agent - Client User Agent
• $http_x_forwarded_for - If using a proxy, the client IP address

3. Set log path

Use access_log and error_log directives to specify the path to access and error logs.

• access_log : Access logging all client requests.
• error_log : Error logging errors and warnings encountered by Nginx.

4. Set log level

All messages, including errors, warnings, and messages, are recorded at info level. You can adjust this level as needed, for example:

• debug : record debug information (most detailed level)
• notice : record important information
• error : Only error information is recorded

5. Restart Nginx

Once the configuration is complete, restart Nginx for the changes to take effect:

• Systemd : systemctl restart nginx
• Upstart : service nginx restart

6. Verify log files

After restarting Nginx, you should be able to see the access.log and error.log files in the specified path. You can view the log content using a text editor or a log analysis tool.

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