How to configure load balancing in nginx

How to configure Nginx for load balancing? Defines the upstream server pool and specifies the server IP and port. Define virtual hosts, listen for connections and forward them to the upstream pool. Specify the location, match the request and forward it to the upstream pool.

Nginx Configuration Load Balancing Guide

Load balancing is a networking technology that distributes incoming traffic across multiple servers to improve performance and enhance availability. Nginx is a popular web server that can be used to configure load balancing.

Configuration steps

To configure Nginx load balancing, add the following instructions in the Nginx configuration file:

 <code>upstream my_upstream { server 192.168.1.100:80; server 192.168.1.101:80; server 192.168.1.102:80; } server { listen 80; server_name my-domain.com; location / { proxy_pass http://my_upstream; } }</code>

Detailed description

The upstream block defines an upstream server pool that contains a list of servers to be load balancing. The server directive specifies the IP address and port of each server.

The server block defines a virtual host that listens for incoming connections and forwards them to the upstream server pool. The server_name directive specifies the host name of the virtual host. The location/ block defines a location that matches all incoming requests and forwards them to the upstream server pool. The proxy_pass directive specifies the name of the upstream server pool.

Load balancing algorithm

Nginx supports the following load balancing algorithms:

• Polling ( least_conn) : Distribute the requests to the upstream server in turn, and the requests with the least number of server connections are preferred.
• Weight loop : The server with higher weights handles more requests based on the weight assignment requests set for each server.
• IP hash (ip_hash) : Hashing according to the client IP address, always sending requests from the same IP address to the same server.

These algorithms can be configured by using instructions such as least_conn , weight , or hash in the upstream block.

Monitoring and health checks

Nginx provides a variety of monitoring and health check mechanisms to monitor the health of upstream servers. For example, you can enable active health checks using the proxy_monitor module, and if the server responds in a timely manner, mark it offline from the upstream server pool.

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