Nginx Server Installation and Quick Configuration Guide

This article introduces the construction and configuration methods of Nginx. 1. Install Nginx: Use sudo yum install nginx on CentOS, use sudo apt-get install nginx on Ubuntu, and use sudo systemctl start nginx after installation. 2. Basic configuration: Modify the /etc/nginx/nginx.conf file, mainly modify the listen (port) and root (site root) instructions in the server block, and after modification, use sudo systemctl restart nginx to restart and take effect. 3. Virtual host configuration: Add multiple server blocks in nginx.conf, each block corresponds to a website, and is distinguished by different listen ports or server_name. 4. Performance optimization: Adjust the worker_processes and worker_connections instructions, and test and adjust according to the number of CPU cores and actual conditions. Through these steps, you can quickly build and configure a high-performance Nginx server.

Nginx: From zero to fast operation

Many friends think building an Nginx server is complicated, but it is not. This article will take you to get started quickly, from installation to configuration, allowing you to experience the charm of Nginx. After reading, you can not only deploy an Nginx server independently, but also understand its core configuration and some potential performance optimization strategies.

Basic preparation: You have to know these

Don't rush to do it first, we have to talk about what Nginx is. Simply put, it is a high-performance web server, a reverse proxy, a load balancer, etc. It is efficient and stable, and has excellent capability to handle concurrent connections. As for the specific principles, they involve epoll, multi-process/multi-threaded models, etc., we won't go into it here, and we will talk about it in detail when we have the opportunity in the future. You just need to know that it is powerful enough. To install Nginx, you generally need a Linux system. I personally recommend CentOS or Ubuntu, both of which are relatively stable.

Core: Installation and Basic Configuration

Install on CentOS, you can use yum: sudo yum install nginx , and Ubuntu uses apt: sudo apt-get install nginx . It's that simple! After the installation is complete, start it with sudo systemctl start nginx . Then use your browser to access your server IP address. If you see "Welcome to nginx!", congratulations, it's successful!

Next, take a look at the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf . This file determines Nginx's behavior. There are many instructions in it, the most important one is server block, which defines a virtual host. You can modify the listen command to specify the listening port (default is 80), and modify the root command to specify the website root directory. For example, if you want to put the website in the /var/www/html directory, modify root /var/www/html; Don't forget to restart Nginx: sudo systemctl restart nginx to make the modification take effect.

Advanced: Virtual Host and Configuration Tips

A server can run multiple websites at the same time, so virtual hosting is required. In nginx.conf , you can add multiple server blocks, each block corresponds to a website, which is distinguished by different listen ports or domain names. For example:

 <code class="language-nginx">server { listen 80; server_name example.com; root /var/www/example; index index.html;}server { listen 8080; server_name anothersite.com; root /var/www/anothersite; index index.php;}</code> 

This configuration defines two virtual hosts, one listens to port 80 and the other listens to port 8080, corresponding to different website root directories.

Remember, after the configuration is completed, be sure to test whether your configuration is correct. You can use the nginx -t command to check for syntax errors. If the configuration is incorrect, Nginx may not start, or unexpected problems may occur.

Performance Tuning: Let Nginx fly

Nginx's performance depends heavily on your server hardware and configuration. However, some simple optimization tips can also improve performance. For example, you can adjust worker_processes instruction to set the number of worker processes. This number must be determined based on the number of CPU cores, and is generally set to a multiple of the number of CPU cores. You can also adjust the worker_connections directive to limit the maximum number of connections that each worker process can handle. The adjustment of these parameters needs to be tested according to actual conditions to find the best value.

Training the pit guide: Common errors and solutions

Configuring errors are common problems, and carefully checking the syntax errors of the configuration file is the key. In addition, permission issues may also cause Nginx to not work properly, ensuring that your website root directory has the correct permissions. If you encounter problems, checking Nginx's error log /var/log/nginx/error.log can provide valuable information.

In short, it is not difficult to build and configure Nginx, the key is to understand its configuration files and some core concepts. Practice more and summarize more, and you can become an Nginx expert! Remember, security first, update Nginx version regularly, and fix security vulnerabilities in a timely manner.

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