How to configure Debian Apache log format

This article describes how to customize Apache's log format on Debian systems. The following steps will guide you through the configuration process:

Step 1: Access the Apache configuration file

The main Apache configuration file for the Debian system is usually located in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf or /etc/apache2/httpd.conf . Use the following command to open the configuration file with root permissions:

 sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

or

 sudo nano /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

Step 2: Define custom log format

Find or add<ifmodule log_config_module></ifmodule> Code block. Within this code block, you can define a custom log format. Here is an example:

<ifmodule log_config_module>
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
    CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log combined
</ifmodule>

In this example, the meaning of each parameter is as follows:

• %h : Client IP address.
• %l : Client host name (usually empty).
• %u : Authenticated username.
• %t : Request time.
• %r : Request line (method, URL, HTTP version).
• %>s : Response status code.
• %b : The number of bytes sent.
• %{Referer}i : Reference URL.
• %{User-Agent}i : User agent string.

Step 3: Apply configuration changes

After saving and closing the configuration file, restart the Apache service to apply the changes:

 sudo systemctl restart apache2

Step 4: Verify log format

After restarting, you can use the following command to view the log file to confirm whether the new log format is effective:

 tail -f /var/log/apache2/access.log

Log entries should be displayed in the format you define.

Important tips:

• Make sure you have sufficient permissions to edit Apache configuration files and log files.
• Please be careful before modifying the log format in a production environment, as this may affect the compatibility of the log analysis tool.
• If you are using virtual hosts, make sure that you also have the corresponding log formatting in the configuration file of each virtual host.

Through the above steps, you can successfully customize the Apache log format on your Debian system.

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