How to stop an instance of Oracle

To close an Oracle instance, follow these steps: Stop all user sessions (using the ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'all' command). If the shared server is enabled, turn it off (using the ALTER SYSTEM STOP SHARE command). Use the SHUTDOWN NORMAL or SHUTDOWN ABORT command to elegantly close the instance.

How to close an Oracle instance

Steps to close an instance:

1. Stop all user sessions: Use ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'all' command to close all user sessions, including the current session.
2. Turn off shared server: If the instance has shared server enabled, turn it off using the ALTER SYSTEM STOP SHARE command.
3. Close instance gracefully: Use the SHUTDOWN NORMAL command or the SHUTDOWN ABORT command to close the instance gracefully.

Description of different closing commands:

• SHUTDOWN NORMAL: Wait for all transactions to complete and close the instance. This is the recommended method of closing.
• SHUTDOWN ABORT: Close the instance immediately and discard uncommitted transactions. Use only in emergencies.

Notes on closing an instance:

• Make sure that the database has been backed up before closing the instance.
• If an active logical replication session exists, use ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO DISCONNECT command to disconnect the session.
• If the database is running in a RAC environment, you must close instances on all nodes.

Other options:

In addition to closing the instance directly, there are some other options that can be used to deactivate the database:

• RESTART: Close the instance and restart it.
• MOUNT: Only load the database, not open it.
• OPEN: Open the loaded database.

Note: Always follow vendor best practices and documentation when closing instances in a production environment.

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