What are the differences and connections between c and c#?

Although C and C# have similarities, they are completely different: C is a process-oriented, manual memory management, and platform-dependent language used for system programming; C# is an object-oriented, garbage collection, and platform-independent language used for desktop, web application and game development.

C and C#: Twin brothers, do you have the same destination?

Many beginners, even some veterans, are confused by the names C and C#. They look like alike and have only one character in name, but in fact, they are completely different programming languages, like a half-brother with a common gene, but have taken a completely different path. In this article, let’s take a look at the grudges and hatreds of these brothers and see what are the differences and connections they have.

Let’s talk about the connection first: Many syntax characteristics of C#, such as the concepts of pointer operation (although limited), structures, and function pointers (delegations), all originate from C. You can think of C# as an "evolved version" of C. It absorbs many of the advantages of C and has made significant improvements in object-oriented programming, memory management, etc. To put it bluntly, the designers of C# have learned a lot from C, but it is much more than that. This is like an excellent martial arts master. He has mastered a good martial arts, but he will not stop there. He will continue to learn new martial arts and eventually become a master of the generation.

Let’s talk about the difference: This is the key point! The difference is so big!

• Programming paradigm: C is a process-oriented language that emphasizes the steps and order of the process; C# is an object-oriented language that emphasizes the concepts of objects and classes, and pays more attention to the reusability and maintainability of the code. This is like building a house. C is laying bricks step by step according to the steps, and C# is to design the drawings first, and then assemble the prefabricated parts according to the drawings.
• Memory management: C requires the management of memory manually, and the programmer needs to allocate and release memory by himself. This is easy to make mistakes, resulting in memory leaks or dangling pointers. C# adopts a garbage collection mechanism to automatically manage memory, which greatly simplifies the work of programmers and improves the stability of programs. This is like, C is a programmer who washes dishes by himself, and C# is a dishwasher that washes dishes automatically.
• Platform dependency: C is a compiled language. The generated code depends on a specific platform and requires different code to be compiled for different platforms. C# is run on the .NET framework, and the code it generates is an intermediate language (IL) that can be run on any platform with the .NET framework installed. This is like, C is a tailor-made clothing that can only be worn on specific people; C# is a standard size clothing that anyone can wear as long as the size is right.
• Application fields: C is mainly used in the fields of system programming, embedded systems, etc., because it can directly operate hardware and is very efficient. C# is mainly used in desktop applications, web applications, game development and other fields because it has powerful class libraries and development tools support, and has high development efficiency.

Code example, feel the difference:

Let's first take a piece of C code to implement simple addition:

 <code class="c">#include <stdio.h> int add(int a, int b) { return ab; } int main() { int result = add(5, 3); printf("Result: %d\n", result); return 0; }</stdio.h></code>

Let’s get another C# code to achieve the same function:

 <code class="csharp">using System; class Program { static int Add(int a, int b) { return ab; } static void Main(string[] args) { int result = Add(5, 3); Console.WriteLine("Result: " result); } }</code>

Look, does C# code look more concise and easier to understand? This is also the advantage of C#.

Some pitfalls and suggestions:

To learn C, you need to have a deep understanding of memory management, otherwise it will be easy to get into pitfalls. To learn C#, you need to understand the mechanism of the .NET framework in order to better utilize its advantages. Remember, there is no best language, only the most suitable language. Which language you choose depends on your project needs and your skill level. If you want to go deep into the underlying system, C is a good choice; if you want to develop applications quickly, C# is a better choice. Don’t blindly follow the trend, choose the right tools according to the actual situation.

Finally, I hope this article can help you better understand the differences and connections between C and C#. The world of programming is profound and profound, and the road is long and arduous, and I will search up and down!

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