How do files refer to structures and functions in the same directory of Go language?-Golang-php.cn

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How do files refer to structures and functions in the same directory of Go language?

Mary-Kate Olsen

Apr 02, 2025 pm 04:03 PM

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How do files refer to structures and functions in the same directory of Go language?

This article discusses how multiple Go files in the same directory refer to structures and functions for each other in the Go language. Many developers mistakenly think that this is an implicit import, but in fact it comes from the package mechanism of Go.

A Go program consists of multiple packages, each containing one or more Go files. The key is that all files in the same package share the same namespace , so you can directly access the constants, types, variables, and functions declared in the package without the need for import statements.

package declaration at the beginning of the file specifies the package to which the file belongs. For example, package main means that the file belongs to main package. All files in main package can use any element declared in the package directly. This requires that all elements within the same package must have unique names to avoid naming conflicts.

Why can files in the same directory be referenced to each other? Because of the Go package implementation convention, all source files of the same package are usually located in the same directory . So, this direct reference is actually the result of the shared namespace because they belong to the same package.

The Go language specification points out that files that share the same package name form the implementation of a package. Although the specification allows package files to be scattered in different directories, it is a common convention and best practice in practice to store all files in the same directory in the same package. Therefore, mutual access between Go files under the same directory is essentially a shared access to elements in the package.

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