Handling Request Data Presence in Laravel

Laravel's whenHas method offers a streamlined approach to managing conditional logic based on the presence of request data. This is particularly beneficial when dealing with optional form fields and conditional updates, eliminating repetitive presence checks. This method is especially useful in scenarios where specific fields trigger unique business rules – for instance, email notification preferences might require additional validation and storage.

Consider a user's email notification preferences: If a user opts in, you'll need to handle and save their chosen frequency.

A concise example using whenHas:

// Simple presence check

$request->whenHas('name', function ($name) {
    // Process name if present
});

Here's a more practical example managing notification preferences:

// app/Controllers/PreferencesController.php
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\UserPreferences;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class PreferencesController extends Controller
{
    public function update(Request $request, UserPreferences $preferences)
    {
        $request->whenHas('email_frequency', function ($frequency) use ($preferences) {
            $preferences->update([
                'email_frequency' => $frequency,
                'last_email_update' => now()
            ]);
        });

        $request->whenHas('push_enabled', function ($enabled) use ($preferences) {
            $preferences->update([
                'push_enabled' => $enabled,
                'push_updated_at' => now()
            ]);
        }, function () use ($preferences) {
            $preferences->update([
                'push_enabled' => false,
                'push_updated_at' => now()
            ]);
        });

        return response()->json([
            'message' => 'Preferences updated successfully',
            'preferences' => $preferences->fresh()
        ]);
    }
}

Illustrative Usage:

// Input data (some preferences provided)

{
    "email_frequency": "weekly"
}

// Resulting Response

{
    "message": "Preferences updated successfully",
    "preferences": {
        "email_frequency": "weekly",
        "last_email_update": "2024-02-01T10:30:00.000000Z",
        "push_enabled": false,
        "push_updated_at": "2024-02-01T10:30:00.000000Z"
    }
}

The whenHas method streamlines conditional request handling, resulting in cleaner, more readable code.

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