Handling Missing Request Data in Laravel

Laravel provides an elegant way to manage missing request data, i.e. missing() and whenMissing(). These methods simplify the process of handling optional fields and setting default values, making your code more expressive and maintainable.

Let's look at an example of a flexible setup update system:

// app/Controllers/SettingsController.php
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Settings;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class SettingsController extends Controller
{
    public function update(Request $request, Settings $settings)
    {
        $updates = [];

        // 处理主题偏好设置
        $request->whenMissing('theme', function () use (&$updates) {
            $updates['theme'] = [
                'mode' => 'system',
                'color' => 'blue',
            ];
        }, function () use (&$updates, $request) {
            $updates['theme'] = [
                'mode' => $request->input('theme.mode', 'light'),
                'color' => $request->input('theme.color', 'blue'),
            ];
        });

        // 处理通知设置
        if ($request->missing('notifications')) {
            $updates['notifications'] = [
                'email' => true,
                'push' => false,
                'frequency' => 'daily',
            ];
        } else {
            $updates['notifications'] = $request->input('notifications');
        }

        $settings->update($updates);

        return response()->json([
            'message' => 'Settings updated successfully',
            'settings' => $settings->fresh(),
        ]);
    }
}

Example of usage:

// 最小数据输入
{
    "notifications": {
        "email": true,
        "push": true
    }
}
// 响应
{
    "message": "Settings updated successfully",
    "settings": {
        "theme": {
            "mode": "system",
            "color": "blue"
        },
        "notifications": {
            "email": true,
            "push": true,
            "frequency": "daily"
        }
    }
}

// 完整数据输入
{
    "theme": {
        "mode": "dark",
        "color": "purple"
    },
    "notifications": {
        "email": false,
        "push": true,
        "frequency": "weekly"
    }
}

The

missing() and whenMissing() methods provide a concise way to process optional request data while keeping the code readable. They are especially useful when handling user-submitted forms or API requests and can effectively avoid errors caused by missing data.

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