Getting rid of an old phone or computer? Protect your data first.

This guide helps you securely erase your old devices before you recycle, reuse, or sell them. Protecting your personal data is crucial.

1. Back Up Your Data:

First, move your important files to at least two separate locations (e.g., another computer and cloud storage). Web-based services like Gmail and Netflix automatically save your data. For other files, use cloud storage (Dropbox, Google Drive, etc.) or external hard drives (consider a second drive for redundancy). Windows (OneDrive) and macOS (iCloud) offer built-in backup solutions. Android and iOS automatically back up some data, but verify everything is saved. Google Photos is a good free option for photos and videos, offering various storage and upload choices.

2. Unregister Apps and Software:

Many applications (Microsoft Office, Apple Music, etc.) track logged-in devices. Sign out of all your old devices. For Apple Music, go to Account > Authorizations > Deauthorize This Computer. Sign out of your Apple ID and disconnect iCloud when disposing of an iPhone or iPad. While not strictly necessary for Android before a factory reset, back up your data and deauthorize paid apps. If you use your phone for two-step verification, temporarily disable it and set it up on your new device before discarding the old one. Reinstalling apps on mobile is simple; desktop software may require re-downloading. Remember to address game libraries (like Steam).

3. Securely Wipe Your Devices:

After backing up and unregistering, completely wipe your devices. On iOS, go to Settings > General > Transfer or Reset iPhone > Erase All Content and Settings. On Android, find the factory reset option within Settings (usually under System > Advanced > Reset options). Laptops and desktops require more steps. In Windows 10, use the Reset this PC feature (Settings > Update & Security > Recovery). On macOS, use Erase All Content and Settings (Apple menu > System Preferences), or use Disk Utility (reboot, hold Cmd R) to erase the main drive and reinstall macOS for a complete wipe. While simply deleting files works, using tools like Eraser or Blank and Secure (for Windows) ensures complete data removal, especially important with older mechanical hard drives. Modern Macs primarily use SSDs, offering better data security.

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