How Can I Call Asynchronous C# Methods Synchronously?

Synchronously Executing Asynchronous C# Methods

Asynchronous methods, typically declared as public async Task Foo(), are crucial for concurrent operations and enhanced user experience. However, integrating them into existing synchronous codebases requires careful consideration. Let's examine several approaches.

Method 1: Task.WaitAndUnwrapException

For straightforward asynchronous methods that don't rely on context synchronization (e.g., those using ConfigureAwait(false)), Task.WaitAndUnwrapException offers a simple solution:

<code class="language-csharp">var task = MyAsyncMethod();
var result = task.WaitAndUnwrapException();</code>

This neatly handles exceptions without the extra layer of AggregateException. However, this method is inappropriate if MyAsyncMethod requires context synchronization.

Method 2: AsyncContext.RunTask

When context synchronization is essential, AsyncContext.RunTask provides a nested context:

<code class="language-csharp">var result = AsyncContext.RunTask(MyAsyncMethod).Result;</code>

This effectively prevents deadlocks that might arise from blocking waits on tasks that don't use ConfigureAwait(false).

Method 3: Task.Run

If AsyncContext.RunTask is unsuitable (e.g., when asynchronous methods await UI events), offload the asynchronous method to the thread pool:

<code class="language-csharp">var task = Task.Run(async () => await MyAsyncMethod());
var result = task.WaitAndUnwrapException();</code>

This approach demands that MyAsyncMethod is thread-safe and doesn't depend on UI elements or the ASP.NET request context. Alternatively, using ConfigureAwait(false) with Method 1 provides a viable alternative.

Further Reading

For a deeper understanding, consult Stephen Cleary's insightful 2015 MSDN article, "Async Programming - Brownfield Async Development".

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