How to Split Comma-Separated Strings in T-SQL?

Simulate Split function in T-SQL

Splitting comma-separated values ​​into separate lines is a common task in programming. In T-SQL, there is no native split function, but there are several techniques to achieve similar results.

One way is to use XML processing. By converting the comma-delimited string into an XML document and then using XQuery to extract the values, we can populate the table with these individual values:

<code class="language-sql">DECLARE @xml xml, @str varchar(100), @delimiter varchar(10)
SET @str = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15'
SET @delimiter = ','
SET @xml = cast(('<X>'+replace(@str, @delimiter, '</X><X>')+'</X>') as xml)
SELECT C.value('.', 'varchar(10)') as value FROM @xml.nodes('X') as X(C)</code>

An alternative is to use a recursive common table expression (CTE) to iterate over the string and extract the substrings:

<code class="language-sql">DECLARE @str varchar(100), @delimiter varchar(10)
SET @str = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15'
SET @delimiter = ','
;WITH cte AS
(
    SELECT 0 a, 1 b
    UNION ALL
    SELECT b, CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @str, b) + LEN(@delimiter)
    FROM CTE
    WHERE b > a
)
SELECT SUBSTRING(@str, a,
CASE WHEN b > LEN(@delimiter) 
    THEN b - a - LEN(@delimiter) 
    ELSE LEN(@str) - a + 1 END) value      
FROM cte WHERE a > 0</code>

Many other ways to split comma separated strings in T-SQL can be found in the reference link provided in this Stack Overflow answer: How to split comma separated strings?

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