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Ruby on Rails Frontend Rápido com Frameworks CSS Classless ou Class-Light

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2025-01-23 02:09:12285browse

Ruby on Rails Frontend Rápido com Frameworks CSS Classless ou Class-Light

If you are starting out in web development and your focus is not to specialize in the frontend, one of the barriers that can be most painful is being able to easily style your ugly HTML.

For those who have first contact, it seems enigmatic and confusing to try to understand HTML that has a sequence of letters and numbers with predefined utility classes to apply styles to HTML, for example:

<div>



<p><small>Copiado do site https://picocss.com</small></p>

<p>Os frameworks CSS que utilizam classes utilitárias são excelentes, versáteis, responsivos, elegantes e possuem muitas outras qualidades, mas o Tailwind CSS não é a única solução. <strong>Se você precisa de algo rápido e mais simples, usar um framework CSS classless ou class-light será uma solução melhor.</strong></p>

<p>Frameworks CSS classless estilizam elementos HTML diretamente, sem classes. Frameworks class-light combinam estilos automáticos com algumas classes utilitárias opcionais para personalização, o que adicionar maior versatilidade com seu uso.</p>

<p>Usando uma abordagem classless ou class-light você pode resolver a estilização do HTML de forma rápida com uma, duas ou três linhas.</p>

<h2>
  
  
  Veremos nesta série de artigos:
</h2>

<ul>
<li>A utilização do framework Ruby on Rails na versão 8, com Propshaft e Importmap;</li>
<li>Conheceremos brevemente o arquivo com o layout padrão das páginas HTML;</li>
<li>Criaremos 4 páginas HTML com vários elementos para testar a estilização com CSS;</li>
<li>Faremos um breve resumo sobre as rotas criadas para as páginas;</li>
<li>Vamos alterar o layout padrão para incluir o link para as páginas HTML criadas;</li>
<li>Saberemos como identificar se o frameworks CSS possui o modo light e dark configurados automaticamente por padrão;</li>
<li>Na parte 2, criaremos um projeto com 12 frameworks CSS via CDN ao layout padrão;</li>
<li>Na parte 3, criaremos um projeto com 12 frameworks CSS copiando os arquivos para o projeto;</li>
<li>Veremos também sugestões e novos desafios;</li>
</ul>

<h2>
  
  
  Conhecendo o layout padrão do Rails app/views/layouts/application.html.erb.
</h2>

<p><details>
  <summary>Exibir mais …</summary>
  <ul>
<li>Por Convenção sobre Configuração (CoC - Convention over Configuration), o Rails utiliza o application.html.erb como layout padrão para renderizar todas as páginas;</li>
<li>O Arquivo original no Rails 8 deve ter um conteúdo igual ou parecido com o copiado abaixo:
</li>
</ul>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title><%= content_for(:title) || "Classless Css" %></title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
    <%= csp_meta_tag %>

    <%= yield :head %>

    <%# Enable PWA manifest for installable apps (make sure to enable in config/routes.rb too!) %>
    <%#= tag.link rel: "manifest", href: pwa_manifest_path(format: :json) %>

    <link rel="icon" href="/icon.png" type="image/png">
    <link rel="icon" href="/icon.svg" type="image/svg+xml">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icon.png">

    <%# Includes all stylesheet files in app/assets/stylesheets %>
    <%= stylesheet_link_tag :app, "data-turbo-track": "reload" %>
    <%= javascript_importmap_tags %>
  </head>

  <body>
    <%= yield %>
  </body>
</html>
  • The top part within the … they have the important structural elements for the page to be rendered and function correctly. The head tag is used to include important metadata and resources that help configure the page's behavior (with javascript), its appearance (with CSS), its relationship with other systems and services, and security settings such as protection for CSRF and CSP ;
  • The main content of the pages will be rendered inside , through the ERB tag <%= yield %>. This tag serves as an integration point to include the content of a view dynamically rendered by Rails;

Common Steps

Some steps are common to all articles in the series and are here to simplify. Don't worry, we will make it clear in the next articles when the following steps should be followed.

 

Generate test pages, with a controller pages and the actions html_test_1, html_test_2, html_test_3 and html_test_4

Show more… 
$ rails g controller pages html_test_1 html_test_2 html_test_3 html_test_4
      create  app/controllers/pages_controller.rb
       route  get "pages/html_test_1"
              get "pages/html_test_2"
              get "pages/html_test_3"
              get "pages/html_test_4"
      invoke  erb
      create    app/views/pages
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_1.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_2.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_3.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_4.html.erb
      invoke  helper
      create    app/helpers/pages_helper.rb
  • As during the creation of the controller and the actions above, the routes were also added, allowing you to access any action created from the links
    • localhost:3000/pages/html_test_1
    • localhost:3000/pages/html_test_2
    • localhost:3000/pages/html_test_3
    • localhost:3000/pages/html_test_4

 

Open the config/routes.rb file in VSCode

  • Include the line below at the end of the file to direct the page root to the previously created controller pages and action html_test_1. Thus, the first page to be displayed when accessing your website or system will be the html_test_1 page, from controller pages. Otherwise it would display the default rails page. 
root "pages#html_test_1"
  • You could have ignored adding the routes to the created actions if you had passed the --skip-routes parameter when creating the controller. The full command would become rails g controller pages html_test_1 html_test_2 html_test_3 html_test_4 --skip-routes

 

Displaying Rails routes

Show more…

Using the terminal you can display the routes by specifying a controller (with -c), for example from controller pages

<div>



<p><small>Copiado do site https://picocss.com</small></p>

<p>Os frameworks CSS que utilizam classes utilitárias são excelentes, versáteis, responsivos, elegantes e possuem muitas outras qualidades, mas o Tailwind CSS não é a única solução. <strong>Se você precisa de algo rápido e mais simples, usar um framework CSS classless ou class-light será uma solução melhor.</strong></p>

<p>Frameworks CSS classless estilizam elementos HTML diretamente, sem classes. Frameworks class-light combinam estilos automáticos com algumas classes utilitárias opcionais para personalização, o que adicionar maior versatilidade com seu uso.</p>

<p>Usando uma abordagem classless ou class-light você pode resolver a estilização do HTML de forma rápida com uma, duas ou três linhas.</p>

<h2>
  
  
  Veremos nesta série de artigos:
</h2>

<ul>
<li>A utilização do framework Ruby on Rails na versão 8, com Propshaft e Importmap;</li>
<li>Conheceremos brevemente o arquivo com o layout padrão das páginas HTML;</li>
<li>Criaremos 4 páginas HTML com vários elementos para testar a estilização com CSS;</li>
<li>Faremos um breve resumo sobre as rotas criadas para as páginas;</li>
<li>Vamos alterar o layout padrão para incluir o link para as páginas HTML criadas;</li>
<li>Saberemos como identificar se o frameworks CSS possui o modo light e dark configurados automaticamente por padrão;</li>
<li>Na parte 2, criaremos um projeto com 12 frameworks CSS via CDN ao layout padrão;</li>
<li>Na parte 3, criaremos um projeto com 12 frameworks CSS copiando os arquivos para o projeto;</li>
<li>Veremos também sugestões e novos desafios;</li>
</ul>

<h2>
  
  
  Conhecendo o layout padrão do Rails app/views/layouts/application.html.erb.
</h2>

<p><details>
  <summary>Exibir mais …</summary>
  <ul>
<li>Por Convenção sobre Configuração (CoC - Convention over Configuration), o Rails utiliza o application.html.erb como layout padrão para renderizar todas as páginas;</li>
<li>O Arquivo original no Rails 8 deve ter um conteúdo igual ou parecido com o copiado abaixo:
</li>
</ul>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title><%= content_for(:title) || "Classless Css" %></title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
    <%= csp_meta_tag %>

    <%= yield :head %>

    <%# Enable PWA manifest for installable apps (make sure to enable in config/routes.rb too!) %>
    <%#= tag.link rel: "manifest", href: pwa_manifest_path(format: :json) %>

    <link rel="icon" href="/icon.png" type="image/png">
    <link rel="icon" href="/icon.svg" type="image/svg+xml">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icon.png">

    <%# Includes all stylesheet files in app/assets/stylesheets %>
    <%= stylesheet_link_tag :app, "data-turbo-track": "reload" %>
    <%= javascript_importmap_tags %>
  </head>

  <body>
    <%= yield %>
  </body>
</html>

Or you can display all routes with

$ rails g controller pages html_test_1 html_test_2 html_test_3 html_test_4
      create  app/controllers/pages_controller.rb
       route  get "pages/html_test_1"
              get "pages/html_test_2"
              get "pages/html_test_3"
              get "pages/html_test_4"
      invoke  erb
      create    app/views/pages
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_1.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_2.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_3.html.erb
      create    app/views/pages/html_test_4.html.erb
      invoke  helper
      create    app/helpers/pages_helper.rb
  • It is also possible to access the routes through the browser using the address http://127.0.0.1:3000/rails/info/routes. Don't forget to start the development server with bin/dev or the standard rails server with rails server from your project's root directory. The development server “listens” for changes in javascript files and css files to carry out the necessary processing to make them available to users.
  • For changes to these files to be made and viewed instantly in the browser, it is necessary to install a gem like Rails Livre Reload.

Let's create four pages with HTML content to test the CSS styles.

Ruby on Rails uses the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture by default to start organizing your project. Much of your code is organized in the following folders:

  • When the code is related to domain/business logic and data, keep it in the app/models folder;
  • The code related to the view (HTML, JSON, XML, etc...) will be in app/views;
  • Code related to the request lifecycle, will be in app/controllers;

 

Insert the content of the html_test_1 page

Show more…
  • Access the link https://github.com/dbohdan/classless-css/blob/master/screenshot-page.html and copy all the contents of the main tag, as shown below 
root "pages#html_test_1"


Start the Rails server and see the ugly plain HTML?

Show more…
  • Start the Rails development server with bin/dev or the standard server with rails server and open the browser at 127.0.0.1:3000 
$ rails routes -c pages
           Prefix Verb URI Pattern                  Controller#Action
pages_html_test_1 GET  /pages/html_test_1(.:format) pages#html_test_1
pages_html_test_2 GET  /pages/html_test_2(.:format) pages#html_test_2
pages_html_test_3 GET  /pages/html_test_3(.:format) pages#html_test_3
pages_html_test_4 GET  /pages/html_test_4(.:format) pages#html_test_4
  • After opening the page you will see at the top the four links that we added to the html_test_1, html_test_2, html_test_3 and html_test_4 pages that we created previously.
  • So much work so far. Open each one and you will notice that the HTML has not yet been styled with any CSS, which we will do next


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