How to Dynamically Bind Columns to a WPF DataGrid?

How to dynamically bind columns in WPF DataGrid

WPF DataGrid is a powerful tabular data display control, but its processing method is not intuitive for data sources with variable number of columns. This article explores how to achieve this functionality using data binding in XAML.

Problem Description

In a simplified example, we have a class called Data that contains a ColumnDescription list of objects (for column metadata) and a 2D array Rows (for the actual data) . We want to bind this data to a WPF DataGrid but need to dynamically create columns based on ColumnDescription objects.

Code solution

While the current code uses a for loop to add columns programmatically, we can achieve the same result declaratively in XAML using data binding and attached properties.

Additional attributes:

We define an additional property called BindableColumns that accepts a ObservableCollection<DataGridColumn> as its value. This property is responsible for updating the DataGrid's ObservableCollection collection when the Columns changes.

<code class="language-csharp">public class DataGridColumnsBehavior
{
    // 附加属性，用于将 DataGridColumns 集合绑定到目标元素上的属性
    public static readonly DependencyProperty BindableColumnsProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("BindableColumns",
                                            typeof(ObservableCollection<DataGridColumn>),
                                            typeof(DataGridColumnsBehavior),
                                            new UIPropertyMetadata(null, BindableColumnsPropertyChanged));

    private static void BindableColumnsPropertyChanged(DependencyObject source, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        // 为简洁起见，省略实现
    }
}</code>

XAML Binding:

We create a ObservableCollection<DataGridColumn> and set its BindableColumns attached property to the DataGrid's Columns property.

<code class="language-xml"><DataGrid ... AutoGenerateColumns="False" local:DataGridColumnsBehavior.BindableColumns="{Binding ColumnCollection}" Name="dataGrid"></DataGrid></code>

Event handling:

In the attached property's BindableColumnsPropertyChanged handler, we clear the existing columns, add new columns from ObservableCollection and subscribe to its CollectionChanged events to handle future changes.

This approach allows us to dynamically manage the DataGrid's columns based on data changes and avoids the need to manually create column code.

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