How Can I Efficiently Aggregate Data from Multiple Columns Across Multiple Tables in MySQL?

MySQL multi-table and multi-column data efficient aggregation method

In the process of enriching a result set, it is often necessary to integrate data from multiple tables, each table containing a specific column of interest. However, using multiple SELECT statements to achieve this can be tedious and inefficient.

Suppose we need to retrieve summary columns from two tables as shown in the following example:

SELECT * FROM
( SELECT COUNT(DAY_IN) AS arr
   FROM t_hospital
   WHERE DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
     AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
     AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
   GROUP BY DAY_IN ) e,
( SELECT COUNT(PAT_STATUS) AS ONG1
   FROM t_hospital
   WHERE PAT_STATUS LIKE '%ong%'
     AND DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
     AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
     AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
   GROUP BY DAY_IN ) a,
( SELECT COUNT(PAT_STATUS) AS RTED
   FROM t_hospital
   WHERE PAT_STATUS LIKE '%rtde%'
     AND DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
     AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
     AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
   GROUP BY DAY_IN ) b,
( SELECT COUNT(PAT_STATUS) AS POLI
   FROM t_hospital
   WHERE PAT_STATUS LIKE '%pol%'
     AND DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
     AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
     AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
   GROUP BY DAY_IN ) c,
( SELECT COUNT(PAT_STATUS) AS para
   FROM t_hospital
   WHERE PAT_STATUS LIKE '%para%'
     AND DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
     AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
     AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
   GROUP BY DAY_IN ) d

This approach often suffers from the problem that only the first column is displayed correctly, while the results for the other columns are wrong.

The solution is to use a single SELECT statement and conditional aggregation:

SELECT DAY_IN, COUNT(*) AS arr,
       SUM(IF(PAT_STATUS LIKE '%ong%', 1, 0)) AS ONG1,
       SUM(IF(PAT_STATUS LIKE '%rtde%', 1, 0)) AS RTED,
       SUM(IF(PAT_STATUS LIKE '%pol%', 1, 0)) AS POL1,
       SUM(IF(PAT_STATUS LIKE '%para%', 1, 0)) AS para
FROM t_hospital
WHERE DAY_IN BETWEEN @start_check AND @finish_check
  AND RES_DATE BETWEEN @start_res AND @finish_res
  AND ID_daily_hos = @daily_hos
GROUP BY DAY_IN

In this modified statement, the conditional aggregation uses the IF() function to evaluate the specific PAT_STATUS pattern in each row, incrementing the count of matching patterns. The SUM() function then aggregates these counts to produce the desired result set.

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