How Can I Access Variables and Functions from One Unity Script to Another?

Access variables and functions across Unity scripts

In Unity, each script runs independently, making it difficult to access variables or call functions from one script in another. However, with the help of public members and object references, communication can be established between scripts attached to different GameObjects.

Public variables and functions

The first step is to declare the variable or function you want to access or call as public in the script. This makes it visible to other scripts in the scene. For example, in ScriptA you would define something like this:

<code class="language-c#">public class ScriptA : MonoBehaviour {

    public int playerScore = 0;

    void Start() {

    }

    public void doSomething() {

    }
}</code>

Object reference

To access a variable or function from another script, you need to get a reference to the GameObject to which the desired script is attached. This can be achieved using the GameObject.Find function, which takes the name of the GameObject as a parameter. Once you have obtained the GameObject, you can use the GetComponent function to retrieve a specific script component.

<code class="language-c#">public class ScriptB : MonoBehaviour {

    private ScriptA scriptInstance = null;

    void Start() {
        GameObject tempObj = GameObject.Find("NameOfGameObjectScriptAIsAttachedTo");
        scriptInstance = tempObj.GetComponent<ScriptA>();

        // 访问ScriptA中的playerScore变量
        scriptInstance.playerScore = 5;

        // 调用ScriptA中的doSomething()函数
        scriptInstance.doSomething();
    }
}</code>

You can establish communication between different scripts in the scene by setting public variables playerScore or calling public functions doSomething(). This approach allows you to coordinate the interaction behavior of different objects and create more complex interactions in your game.

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