How to Retrieve the ID of a Newly Inserted Record in SQL Server using C# MVC 4?

Retrieving the ID of a Newly Inserted SQL Server Record with C# MVC 4

Problem:

How do you insert data into a SQL Server table using C# in an MVC 4 application and then obtain the ID of the newly added record?

Solution:

There are two primary approaches, depending on your SQL Server version:

SQL Server 2005 and later:

The most efficient method for SQL Server 2005 and subsequent versions leverages the OUTPUT clause:

using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO Mem_Basic(Mem_Na, Mem_Occ) OUTPUT INSERTED.ID VALUES (@na, @occ)", con))
{
    // ... parameter assignments for @na and @occ ...
    int newId = (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
    return newId;
}

This single SQL statement inserts the data and immediately returns the newly generated ID.

Older SQL Server Versions (pre-2005):

For older SQL Server versions, you need a two-part query: an INSERT statement followed by SCOPE_IDENTITY():

using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO Mem_Basic(Mem_Na, Mem_Occ) VALUES (@na, @occ); SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY();", con))
{
    // ... parameter assignments for @na and @occ ...
    int newId = Convert.ToInt32(cmd.ExecuteScalar());
    return newId;
}

This approach first inserts the data and then uses SCOPE_IDENTITY() to retrieve the ID of the last inserted row within the current session and scope. Note that SCOPE_IDENTITY() only works for the current session and scope, so if multiple inserts happen simultaneously, you may get unexpected results.

Remember to replace Mem_Basic, Mem_Na, and Mem_Occ with your actual table and column names. Also, ensure proper parameterization to prevent SQL injection vulnerabilities. The // ... sections indicate where you should add your parameter assignment code using cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(...).

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