How Can Conditional Compilation Optimize My Code for Different .NET Framework Versions?

Leveraging build configurations and post-build actions for conditional compilation and framework targeting

Conditional compilation allows developers to adapt their code base based on specific conditions, including the target framework. In this case, the goal is to optimize parts of the code for different .NET Framework versions.

An efficient approach is to have separate build configurations for each target framework. For example, create configurations for .NET 2.0, 3.5 and 4.0:

<code class="language-xml"><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Framework)' == 'NET20'">
  <DefineConstants>NET20</DefineConstants>
  <OutputPath>bin$(Configuration)$(Framework)</OutputPath>
</PropertyGroup></code>

In these configurations, define the default target framework:

<code class="language-xml"><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Framework)' == ''">
  <Framework>NET35</Framework>
</PropertyGroup></code>

Next, implement an AfterBuild target to compile additional versions after the initial build:

<code class="language-xml"><Target Name="AfterBuild">
  <MSBuild Projects="$(MSBuildProjectFile)" Properties="Framework=NET20" RunEachTargetSeparately="true" Condition="'$(Framework)' != 'NET20'"/>
</Target></code>

This step ensures that the correct condition definitions are set for each build.

Additionally, you can selectively include or exclude files based on the target framework:

<code class="language-xml"><Compile Include="SomeNet20SpecificClass.cs" Condition="'$(Framework)' == 'NET20'"/></code>

<code class="language-xml"><Reference Include="Some.Assembly" Condition="'$(Framework)' == 'NET20'">
  <HintPath>..\Lib$(Framework)\Some.Assembly.dll</HintPath>
</Reference></code>

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