Parse SQL code in C# using Microsoft parser
Parsing SQL code in C# allows developers to analyze and extract meaningful information from database queries. For this purpose, Microsoft SQL Server provides a dedicated parser in the Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SqlParser.Parser
namespace. This parser provides extensive functionality for parsing Transact-SQL (T-SQL) and American National Standards Institute Structured Query Language (ANSI SQL) code.
Basic functions for parsing SQL code
SQL parser in C# helps developers by:
- Tokenize SQL code, breaking it into individual tokens that represent language elements such as keywords, identifiers, and operators.
- Identifies and sorts tags based on their categories (e.g. keywords, literals, operators, punctuation).
- Generate a tree or other structure that represents the logical structure of SQL code.
- Determine the statement type represented by each node in the tree (e.g. SELECT, UPDATE, LOOP).
Example parsing code
To demonstrate the parsing process, consider the following code:
IEnumerable<TokenInfo> ParseSql(string sql) { ParseOptions parseOptions = new ParseOptions(); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(parseOptions); // 初始化解析的变量和数据结构。 while ((token = scanner.GetNext(ref state, out start, out end, out isPairMatch, out isExecAutoParamHelp)) != (int)Tokens.EOF) { // 为每个标记创建一个 TokenInfo 实例。 tokens.Add(tokenInfo); } return tokens; }
In this example, the ParseSql
method parses the T-SQL code into a sequence of tokens. The TokenInfo
class holds information about each tag, including its starting and ending positions, category, and SQL text.
Note: The Tokens
enum defines possible tag categories such as TOKEN_BEGIN
, TOKEN_COMMIT
, and TOKEN_EXISTS
.
Availability and Updates
The Microsoft SQL Server parser is included with SQL Server and can be freely distributed. It is also available as a separate NuGet package for easy integration into C# applications.
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