How to Efficiently Insert Multiple Parameterized Rows into a Database using C#?

Optimizing Database Inserts in C#: A Single Parameterized Query Approach

Inserting numerous rows into a database individually is inefficient. This article demonstrates a high-performance method using a single parameterized query in C# to achieve bulk insertion.

The key is to leverage stored procedures and table-valued parameters. This approach involves three main steps:

1. Defining a Table Type:

   Create a custom SQL Server table type to define the structure of your data, specifying column names and data types.

2. Creating a Stored Procedure:

   Develop a stored procedure that accepts your custom table type as a read-only, table-valued parameter. This procedure will then insert the data into your target database table. Remember, table-valued parameters must be READONLY.

3. Implementing the C# Code:

   In your C# application:

   • Create a DataTable object, mirroring the structure of your custom table type.
   • Populate this DataTable with the data you intend to insert.
   • Execute the stored procedure, passing the DataTable as the table-valued parameter.

Here's an example illustrating this process:

Table Type (SQL):

CREATE TYPE MyTableType AS TABLE
(
    Col1 INT,
    Col2 VARCHAR(20)
)
GO

Stored Procedure (SQL):

CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcedure (@MyTable MyTableType READONLY)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO MyTable (Col1, Col2)
    SELECT Col1, Col2 FROM @MyTable;
END;
GO

C# Code:

using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

// ... other code ...

DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("Col1", typeof(int));
dt.Columns.Add("Col2", typeof(string));

// Populate dt with your data here...  e.g.,
//DataRow row = dt.NewRow();
//row["Col1"] = 1;
//row["Col2"] = "Value1";
//dt.Rows.Add(row);


using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString"))
{
    using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("MyProcedure", con))
    {
        cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@MyTable", dt); //AddWithValue handles type inference
        con.Open();
        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
}

This method significantly improves database insertion efficiency by reducing the number of database round trips, leading to faster and more scalable data processing.

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