What are the Default Access Modifiers for Classes, Structs, and Members in C#?

Understanding Default Access Modifiers in C#

C#'s default access levels for classes, structs, and members are context-dependent, primarily determined by their nesting within other constructs.

Accessibility of Classes and Structs:

• Standalone (Non-nested): internal—accessible only within the current assembly.
• Nested: private—accessible only within the containing class or struct.

Accessibility of Members (Fields, Methods, etc.):

• Class/Struct Members: private—accessible only within the defining class or struct.
• Enum Members: public—accessible from anywhere.
• Nested Class/Struct Members: private—accessible only within the containing nested class or struct.

Interfaces and Delegates:

• Standalone Interfaces: internal—accessible only within the current assembly.
• Nested Interfaces: private—accessible only within the containing type.
• Standalone Delegates: internal—accessible only within the current assembly.
• Nested Delegates: private—accessible only within the containing type.

Key Considerations:

• Top-level types (not nested) are limited to internal or public access.
• Nested types offer greater flexibility, allowing any access modifier. However, their defaults are as specified above.

For comprehensive explanations and illustrative examples, refer to these valuable resources:

• Microsoft Docs: Classes and Structs
• Jon Skeet's C# in Depth: Default Access Modifiers

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