How Can I Effectively Replace AsyncTask with java.util.concurrent in Android while Maintaining Backward Compatibility?

AsyncTask API Deprecation in Android 11: Alternative with Java Concurrency

As Android 11 approaches, Google is phasing out the AsyncTask API, advising developers to adopt java.util.concurrent for asynchronous operations. This shift raises the question: how can you replace AsyncTask effectively with java.util.concurrent while maintaining compatibility with API level 16 and above?

Consider the following snippet from an Activity's static inner class:

private static class LongRunningTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, MyPojo> {
    private static final String TAG = MyActivity.LongRunningTask.class.getSimpleName();
    private WeakReference<MyActivity> activityReference;

    LongRunningTask(MyActivity context) {
        activityReference = new WeakReference<>(context);
    }

    @Override
    protected MyPojo doInBackground(String... params) {
        // Some long running task
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(MyPojo data) {
        MyActivity activity = activityReference.get();
        activity.progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        populateData(activity, data);
    }
}

One viable solution is to leverage Executors from the java.util.concurrent package. Here's a Java implementation based on a Kotlin approach found in an Android Async API is Deprecated post:

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());

executor.execute(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Background work here

        handler.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // UI Thread work here
            }
        });
    }
});

For Java 8 users, a more concise version is available:

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());

executor.execute(() -> {
    // Background work here
    handler.post(() -> {
        // UI Thread work here
    });
});

While Java may not match Kotlin's brevity, these alternatives provide a viable solution for asynchronous operations in the post-AsyncTask era, ensuring compatibility with API level 16 devices.

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