search

CS- Week 6

Jan 04, 2025 pm 05:41 PM

CS- Week 6

Python

Python is an easy-to-use, versatile programming language that is an excellent choice for both beginners and industry experts.
Unlike C, Python is an interpreted language, so you don't need to compile the program separately. Instead, the program is run in the Python interpreter.

The code that displays the message "hello, world" written in C is represented in Python as follows:

print("hello, world")

Notice that there are no semicolons and no libraries required. In Python, it is possible to implement relatively simple codes that are more complex in C language.

Variable declaration is simplified in Python. For example, in C, a variable can be defined as int counter = 0; is announced as In Python, it is not required to declare the type of the variable: counter = 0.

In Python, it is not necessary to specify the data types, the interpreter can determine it based on the value of the variable. The following data types are commonly used in Python:


bool
  • float
  • int
  • str
  • Types long and double like C do not exist in Python. Python decides for itself which data type to use for large and small numbers.
Other data types used in Python include:

range
  • list
  • tuple
  • dict
  • set
  • Each of these data types can be implemented in C, but Python has the ability to implement them in a simpler way.

Conditional operators


When using conditional operators in Python, parentheses - () are optional.

Python uses

indentation

instead of {}.
else if is used in C, Python uses elif instead. If, elif and else operators are followed by a colon :


in C || The logical operator

"or"
from cs50 import get_int

x = get_int("x ni kiriting: ")
y = get_int("y ni kiriting: ")

if x  y:
    print("x soni y sonidan katta")
else:
    print("x soni y soniga teng")
is replaced by or in Python.

Python uses str instead of char, which allows you to work with a single character or string.

Repetition operators
from cs50 import get_string
s = get_string("Ma'lumotlar o'zgartirilishiga rozimisiz? ")

if s == "Y" or s == "y":
    print("Ha.")
elif s == "N" or s == "n":
    print("Yo'q.")

The syntax of iteration operators

(loops)

in Python is very similar to C, but simpler and more understandable.

Using the while loop, we display the message "meow":

print("hello, world")
We can further simplify the above code by using

for loop:

from cs50 import get_int

x = get_int("x ni kiriting: ")
y = get_int("y ni kiriting: ")

if x  y:
    print("x soni y sonidan katta")
else:
    print("x soni y soniga teng")

Python automatically increments the value of in here.
We can also write the above code as:

from cs50 import get_string
s = get_string("Ma'lumotlar o'zgartirilishiga rozimisiz? ")

if s == "Y" or s == "y":
    print("Ha.")
elif s == "N" or s == "n":
    print("Yo'q.")

This approach modularizes the code.


list

Using

List we can store many values ​​in one variable. We can refer to the elements of lists through the index.

i = 0
while i 



<p>using the len() method, we determine the length of the listing, that is, the number of elements.<br>
We calculate the sum of the elements of the list consisting of numbers using the sum() method.</p>

<p>A loop can be used to retrieve values ​​from the user:<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">for i in range(3):
    print("meow")
The

append method adds a new value to the list.

To search for a value in a list in Python, you can use a loop or use a shorter method:

def main():
    meow(3)


def meow(n):
    for i in range(n):
        print("meow")


main()
The

in operator checks whether the given value exists in the list.


Dictionary

Dictionary are key-value pairs that speed up the search process.

scores = [72, 73, 33]

# O'rtacha qiymatni topamiz
average = sum(scores) / len(scores)
print(f"Average: {average}")

people[name] retrieves the corresponding value from the dictionary.
The dictionary lookup speed is typically O(1).


Command Line Arguments

In Python, command line arguments can be used using the sys library:

from cs50 import get_int

# Foydalanuvchidan qiymatlarni kiritishni so'raymiz
scores = []
for i in range(3):
    score = get_int("Score: ")
    scores.append(score)

# O'rtacha qiymatni topamiz
average = sum(scores) / len(scores)
print(f"Average: {average}")

argv - contains a list of arguments, the first element of which is the file name.
We display all arguments:

# Ismlar ro'yxati
names = ["Carter", "David", "John"]

# Foydalanuvchidan ism kiritishni so'raymiz
name = input("Name: ")

# Ro'yxatdan qidiramiz
if name in names:
    print("Topildi")
else:
    print("Topilmadi"

We use certain exit codes (exit status) to indicate the state in which the program ended:

from cs50 import get_string

people = {
    "Carter": "+1-617-495-1000",
    "David": "+1-617-495-1000",
    "John": "+1-949-468-2750",
}

# Kiritilgan ismni qo'yxatdan qidiramiz
name = get_string("Name: ")
if name in people:
    print(f"Telefon raqam: {people[name]}")
else:
    print("Topilmadi")

sys.exit() returns an exit code (for example, 0 means that the program completed successfully).

This article uses CS50x 2024 source.

The above is the detailed content of CS- Week 6. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
How do you create multi-dimensional arrays using NumPy?How do you create multi-dimensional arrays using NumPy?Apr 29, 2025 am 12:27 AM

Create multi-dimensional arrays with NumPy can be achieved through the following steps: 1) Use the numpy.array() function to create an array, such as np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]) to create a 2D array; 2) Use np.zeros(), np.ones(), np.random.random() and other functions to create an array filled with specific values; 3) Understand the shape and size properties of the array to ensure that the length of the sub-array is consistent and avoid errors; 4) Use the np.reshape() function to change the shape of the array; 5) Pay attention to memory usage to ensure that the code is clear and efficient.

Is Tuple Comprehension possible in Python? If yes, how and if not why?Is Tuple Comprehension possible in Python? If yes, how and if not why?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:34 PM

Article discusses impossibility of tuple comprehension in Python due to syntax ambiguity. Alternatives like using tuple() with generator expressions are suggested for creating tuples efficiently.(159 characters)

What are Modules and Packages in Python?What are Modules and Packages in Python?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:33 PM

The article explains modules and packages in Python, their differences, and usage. Modules are single files, while packages are directories with an __init__.py file, organizing related modules hierarchically.

What is docstring in Python?What is docstring in Python?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:30 PM

Article discusses docstrings in Python, their usage, and benefits. Main issue: importance of docstrings for code documentation and accessibility.

What is a lambda function?What is a lambda function?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:28 PM

Article discusses lambda functions, their differences from regular functions, and their utility in programming scenarios. Not all languages support them.

What is a break, continue and pass in Python?What is a break, continue and pass in Python?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:26 PM

Article discusses break, continue, and pass in Python, explaining their roles in controlling loop execution and program flow.

What is a pass in Python?What is a pass in Python?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:25 PM

The article discusses the 'pass' statement in Python, a null operation used as a placeholder in code structures like functions and classes, allowing for future implementation without syntax errors.

Can we Pass a function as an argument in Python?Can we Pass a function as an argument in Python?Apr 28, 2025 pm 04:23 PM

Article discusses passing functions as arguments in Python, highlighting benefits like modularity and use cases such as sorting and decorators.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

Atom editor mac version download

Atom editor mac version download

The most popular open source editor

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software