How Can I Pass Complex Parameters to XUnit's [Theory] Methods?

Passing Complex Parameters to [Theory]

XUnit provides the InlineData attribute, which enables users to generate multiple tests with simple data parameters. However, when dealing with more complex parameters, such as a list of custom classes, a different approach is needed.

MemberData and ClassData Attributes

XUnit offers several options for passing complex parameters to [Theory] methods. One approach is to utilize the MemberData attribute. This attribute instructs XUnit to execute a property that returns an IEnumerable. Each object[] in the IEnumerable will be "unpacked" as the parameters for a single call to your [Theory] method.

Another option is to use the ClassData attribute. ClassData operates similarly to MemberData but allows for sharing data generators between tests in different classes or namespaces. It also separates the 'data generators' from the actual test methods.

ClassData Example with Static Member Support

To use ClassData with static member support, you can define a class with a static property returning IEnumerable, as shown below:

public class IndexOfData
{
    public static IEnumerable<object[]> SplitCountData => 
        new List<object[]>
        {
            new object[] { "hello world", 'w', 6 },
            new object[] { "goodnight moon", 'w', -1 }
        };
}

In your test class, you can then apply the [Theory] attribute and specify the static member using the MemberType property of the attribute:

[Theory, MemberData(nameof(IndexOfData.SplitCountData), MemberType = typeof(IndexOfData))]
public void IndexOf(string input, char letter, int expected) {...}

By leveraging these attributes, you can pass complex parameters to your [Theory] methods, enabling you to test various scenarios efficiently.

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