How Can I Selectively Style Specific Rows and Columns in CSS Grid?

Targeting Specific Columns or Rows in CSS Grid

In a CSS grid layout, the grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns properties define the number of rows and columns, respectively. However, sometimes we need to style specific portions of a grid.

Targeting Rows

To style an arbitrary row, we can use a wrapper element with its display set to contents. This allows us to style the entire row as a single entity, even though it contains multiple cells.

For example, consider the following code:

.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 2px;
}

.grid-item {
  border: 1px solid black;
  padding: 5px;
}

.grid-row-wrapper {
  display: contents;
}

.grid-row-wrapper > .grid-item {
  background: skyblue;
}

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-row-wrapper">
    <div class="grid-item">6</div>
    <div class="grid-item">7</div>
    <div class="grid-item">8</div>
    <div class="grid-item">9</div>
    <div class="grid-item">10</div>
  </div>
  <div class="grid-item">11</div>
  <div class="grid-item">12</div>
  <div class="grid-item">13</div>
  <div class="grid-item">14</div>
  <div class="grid-item">15</div>
  <div class="grid-item">16</div>
  <div class="grid-item">17</div>
  <div class="grid-item">18</div>
  <div class="grid-item">19</div>
  <div class="grid-item">20</div>
</div>

In this example, the .grid-row-wrapper class is applied to the wrapper element containing the second row of grid items. The background color of these items is set to skyblue using the .grid-row-wrapper > .grid-item selector.

Targeting Columns

Targeting specific columns is a bit trickier. CSS Grid does not provide a direct way to select columns, but we can use a combination of other properties to achieve the desired effect.

One approach is to use multiple grid containers, each with its own grid template. This allows us to control the layout of each column independently.

Another approach is to use the nth-child() selector to target specific cells in the grid. However, this can be difficult to maintain, especially if the grid changes dynamically.

If you need to regularly target specific columns or rows, it is often better to use a preprocessor or library that provides additional selectors and functionality for CSS Grid.

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