How Can I Efficiently Enforce HTTPS in ASP.NET?

Permanent HTTPS Enforcement in ASP.NET

Question:

Previously, enforcing HTTPS on all requests required manually checking each page load event and redirecting to HTTPS when necessary. Is there a more efficient solution?

Answer:

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)

HSTS has been incorporated into ASP.NET to provide a seamless HTTPS enforcement mechanism. It works by sending a special header to the client browser indicating that all future requests to the specified domain must be made over HTTPS.

Implementation:

1. IIS Configuration: Enable HSTS in IIS by adding the following rule to your web.config:

<outboundRules>
  <rule name="Add Strict-Transport-Security when HTTPS" enabled="true">
    <match serverVariable="RESPONSE_Strict_Transport_Security" pattern=".*" />
    <conditions>
      <add input="{HTTPS}" pattern="on" ignoreCase="true" />
    </conditions>
    <action type="Rewrite" value="max-age=31536000" />
  </rule>
</outboundRules>

2. Redirect to HTTPS: If HTTPS is not enforced on IIS, you can also manually redirect requests to HTTPS using the following code in the Application_BeginRequest event:

protected void Application_BeginRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (HttpContext.Current.Request.IsSecureConnection.Equals(false) &&
        HttpContext.Current.Request.IsLocal.Equals(false))
    {
        Response.Redirect("https://" + Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_HOST"] +
            HttpContext.Current.Request.RawUrl);
    }
}

Benefits of HSTS:

• Enforces HTTPS on all requests without the need for page load events.
• Improves security by preventing insecure downgrades.
• Reduces browser warnings and user distrust.
• Simplifies web application configuration.

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