How Can I Reliably Retrieve Stack Traces from Exceptions in C ?

Retrieving Stack Traces upon Exception: A Comprehensive Guide

This guide addresses the common need to display stack traces when exceptions occur. Achieving this requires a portable approach that allows users to capture and share the trace for error analysis.

Andrew Grant's Solution

Andrew Grant's solution falls short in capturing the stack trace of the throwing function (under GCC), as a throw statement alone does not preserve it. This hinders retrieving the necessary information in the catch handler.

Custom Exception Handling

A viable method is to create a custom Exception class that captures the stack trace at the point of the throw instruction. This approach ensures stack trace preservation and availability to the catch handler.

Update: Helpful Code Resources

• http://stacktrace.sourceforge.net: A comprehensive library for retrieving stack traces.
• [C 23 Stack Trace Library](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/stacktrace): This feature, proposed in C 23, provides standardized stack trace handling.
• [Boost Stacktrace](https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_77_0/libs/stacktrace/doc/html/stacktrace.html): A reference implementation recommended for C 23 stack trace handling.

Additional Updates

• July 2023: Reviewed several stack trace libraries:

  • C 23
  • Boost Stacktrace
  • Backward-cpp
  • cpptrace
• August 2024: P2490 proposes adding [[with_stacktrace]] and std::stacktrace::from_current_exception to C 26, simplifying stack trace retrieval from caught exceptions.

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