How Can I Dynamically Import Python Modules Using Their Full File Paths?

Dynamically Importing Modules with Specified Full Path

Python modules can be imported into a script by providing their full file paths. This method allows you to load modules that may not be known in advance or are located outside of the standard library.

Loading Modules with Importlib

In Python 3.5 and above, use the importlib.util module:

import importlib.util
import sys

spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("module.name", "/path/to/file.py")
foo = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
sys.modules["module.name"] = foo
spec.loader.exec_module(foo)
foo.MyClass()

Loading Modules with SourceFileLoader (Python 3.3-3.4)

In Python 3.3 and 3.4, use SourceFileLoader from importlib.machinery:

from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader

foo = SourceFileLoader("module.name", "/path/to/file.py").load_module()
foo.MyClass()

Loading Modules with imp (Python 2)

For Python 2, use the imp module:

import imp

foo = imp.load_source('module.name', '/path/to/file.py')
foo.MyClass()

Additional Notes

• The provided code assumes the module contains a class named MyClass.
• There are similar functions for importing compiled Python files and DLLs.
• For more information, refer to the Python bug report: http://bugs.python.org/issue21436.

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