How Can I Dynamically Import a Python Module Using Its Full Path?

Dynamically Importing a Module Given Its Full Path

In Python, it is possible to import a module without knowing its name in advance but only its full path. This functionality is useful in situations where modules are located in different directories or when the module name is dynamically generated.

Solution

There are several approaches to dynamically importing a module based on its full path:

Python 3.5 :

import importlib.util
import sys

# Define the full path to the module
module_path = "/path/to/module.py"

# Create a specification for the module
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("module_name", module_path)

# Create the module from the specification
foo = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)

# Add the module to the list of imported modules
sys.modules["module_name"] = foo

# Execute the module's code
spec.loader.exec_module(foo)

# Access a class from the imported module
foo.MyClass()

Python 3.3 and 3.4:

from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader

# Define the full path to the module
module_path = "/path/to/module.py"

# Create a SourceFileLoader object
foo = SourceFileLoader("module_name", module_path).load_module()

# Access a class from the imported module
foo.MyClass()

Python 2:

import imp

# Define the full path to the module
module_path = "/path/to/module.py"

# Import the module using imp.load_source()
foo = imp.load_source('module_name', module_path)

# Access a class from the imported module
foo.MyClass()

Please note that these are not the only options, and other methods may be available depending on your specific needs and Python version.

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