Why is my PHP DOMDocument::loadHTML() Not Handling UTF-8 Encoding Correctly?

PHP DOMDocument loadHTML Not Encoding UTF-8 Correctly

When attempting to parse HTML using DOMDocument::loadHTML(), you may encounter issues with proper UTF-8 encoding. By default, DOMDocument treats input strings as ISO-8859-1, which can lead to errors when dealing with UTF-8 data.

Solution:

To ensure correct encoding, you can employ various methods:

• Prepend Encoding Declarations: Add an XML encoding declaration or an HTML meta charset declaration to indicate the presence of UTF-8 characters:

  $contentType = '<meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot;>';
  $dom->loadHTML($contentType . $profile);

• Use SmartDOMDocument: If the input HTML may already contain declarations, use the SmartDOMDocument library to resolve potential conflicts:

  $dom->loadHTML(mb_convert_encoding($profile, 'HTML-ENTITIES', 'UTF-8'));

• Alternative: In PHP 8.2 , use mb_encode_numericentity() for a safer encoding option:

  $dom->loadHTML(mb_encode_numericentity($profile, [0x80, 0x10FFFF, 0, ~0], 'UTF-8'));

HTML5 Considerations:

DOMDocument uses an HTML4 parser. For HTML5 documents, consider using alternative HTML parsers designed for HTML5 compliance.

Example:

The following code demonstrates the use of mb_convert_encoding() to correct incorrect UTF-8 encoding:

$profile = "
イリノイ州シカゴにて、アイルランド系の家庭に、9人兄弟の5番目として
";
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->loadHTML(mb_convert_encoding($profile, 'HTML-ENTITIES', 'UTF-8'));
echo $dom->saveHTML();

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