How Can I Handle Integer Overflow in C#?

Overflow Handling for C# Integers

In the context of Project Euler problem 10, you encountered an unexpected behavior when using an integer (int) variable to calculate the sum of prime numbers below two million. Despite the result exceeding the maximum value for an int, C# did not raise an overflow exception.

Unlike some other programming languages, C# integer operations do not throw exceptions upon overflow by default. This means that when an overflow occurs, the result is simply "wrapped around" to a value within the range of the data type. In the case of an int, the result would have been within the negative value range, far from the actual sum you were seeking.

To handle overflow explicitly, you have two options:

1. Project Settings: In Visual Studio, you can enable overflow checking in project settings by setting the "Arithmetic overflow detection" option to "Enable for all arithmetic operations."
2. Checked Operator: Alternatively, you can use the checked keyword to make specific calculations checked. For instance:

int result = checked(largeInt + otherLargeInt);

In this case, the overflow will throw a System.OverflowException.

The opposite of checked is unchecked, which suppresses overflow checks. This should only be used when overflow checks are enabled in project settings.

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